DRILL STEM TEST
(TEMPORARY COMPLETION )
Pet. E-306 : Drilling Engineering
WHY DST IS DONE ?
Potential productivity of an exploratory well
Formation Pressure
Formation Temperature
Formation Permeability
Hydrocarbons Make up
OBJECTIVES OF DST
Potential productivity of exploratory
well.
Reservoir characteristics.
Well completion.
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS:
1. Conditioning of the borehole.
2. Pressure surges.
3. Operating conditions.
CONDITION OF HOLE
Close gap between hole and tool assembly , so hole
should be clean to avoid any damaging conditions and
proper removal of cuttings.
Mud should be of desired density and viscosity before
the test started.
PRESSURE SURGES
Pressure effects the pipe movement , so special considerations
should be done to avoid bottom hole pressure variations.
Speed
(a) Running the pipe
(b) Pulling suction
OPERATING CONDITIONS
Location of test section.
Packer seat location above and below the test section.
Size and number of packers.
Use of cushion.
Duration of test.
DST TOOLS
BASIC DST TOOLS
• MFE (Multi Flow Evaluator) DST Tools
• APR (Annular Pressure Response)DST Tools
• Inflatable DST Tools
• NAVI Pump
WHAT IS MFE?(MULTI FLOW EVALUATOR)DST
TOOLS
• Multi-flow Evaluator is a set of integrated downhole
on/off tools.
• The whole set of the testing tools operate and control
various valves of the downhole tools by drill pipe
reciprocation.
WHAT IS MFE?(MULTI FLOW
EVALUATOR)DST TOOLS
It consists of:
• Hydraulic Jars
• Safety Joints
• Packer Assembly
• Dual Recorder Carrier
FEATURES OF MFE
• Used in both open hole and cased hole
• Unlimited flow and shut-in cycles
• Less formation damage
• Testing well bore size: From 5 to 13-3/8inches
HYDRAULIC JARS
• Provide Jarring to test string
• Provide resistance to drill pipe to be
stretched
• On release the drill pipe contracts to
deliver impact force
SAFETY JOINTS
• Provides means for
releasing the tool stuck
in hole
• Requires 5(1/2)-6 turns
left hand to release
PACKER ASSEMBLY
• Deliver or remove drilling mud to
the packer elements
• Equalize of hydrostatic pressure
above and below the test interval
• Deliver packer elements to seal the
top of the test interval
DUAL RECORDER CARRIER
• Run in the test interval
and holds two pressure
recorders
• By-pass passage allows
communication above and
below the test interval
PUMP OUT TOOL
• It is used to circulate fluid
from the drill string after the
DST has been completed
and the drill string is ready
to be removed
• It consists of one or more
hollow pins screwed into
the sides
WHAT IS APR(ANNULAR
PRESSURE RESPONSIVE )
DST TOOLS?
• The APR DST Tools is a sort of well testing downhole tools which
is operated by the annulus pressure.
• Drill stem Testing Tools are applied for oil and gas well testing
formations after casing has been set in a well.
• Drill Stem Tests in holes combined with measurement of the
production rate, pressure and temperature.
WHAT IS APR(ANNULAR PRESSURE
RESPONSIVE ) TOOLS?
It consists of:
• Multiple Circulating Valve
• Gauge Carrier
• Retrievable Packer
• Testing Valve
FEATURES OF APR
• This test string is used for cased-hole test and can run in
a hole for a relative long duration flow test.
• It is safer, faster and more reliable than ever.
• APR testing string can test one target formation without
any un-plugged perforated intervals.
• This tool string can test several intervals one by one in a
single trip.
INFLATABLE DST TOOLS
Used for longer open holes and cased holes.
It consists of:-
• Hydraulic jar
• Inflation Pump
• Shut in valve
• Inflatable Packer
FEATURES OF INFLATABLE
• Used for open hole and Cased hole applications
• Multiple flow periods and shut-in periods with each
zone tested.
• Precise subsurface data using electronic
instrumentation.
• Packer inflation pressure recorder on drill stem tests.
• No bridge plugs required for testing multiple zones in
older producing wells.
NAVI PUMP
A NAVI Pump is used to pump the
reservoir fluid out when formation fluid
cannot flow to the surface due to the
pressure being low for testing
production rates and liquid properties.
FEATURES OF NAVI PUMP
• Driven by the Rotary Table and Drill String
• High pump efficiency.
• Apply to the low pressure & high flow rate formation
PROCEDURE!
Lowering the DST tool.
Open the bypass valve.
Sealing the hole by packers.
Rotation of drill-string and flow of formation fluid.
Formation fluid flows.
Shut-in valve and building of pressure.
Remove DST tool.
LOWERING THE DST TOOL AND
OPEN THE BYPASS VALVE:
• Lowering DST assembly starts with reaming the well
bore and then drilling bit is removed.
• On the same drill stem ( drill string) the DST tools are
attached and lowered into the hole .
• As DST assembly is lower, the well bore already has
drilling fluid in it. Thus DST assembly has limited path
clearance thus bypass valve is opened.
SEALING THE HOLE BY
PACKERS:
• Packers are attached on the DST to seal the zone
having required formation.
• Packers are expanded by having the hydraulic
pressure provided by the driller on the surface.
• This helps to maintain a specific pressure in the
required zone.
ROTATION OF DRILL-STRING AND
FLOW OF FORMATION FLUID:
• Rotation of DST assembly allows the ports in the tools to open
so that the formation fluids can flow in the annulus.
• Rotation also provides a low pressure zone in the annulus
which helps the crew to judge the proper sealing of pressure
and flow statistics.
• Rotation also allows the surplus drilling fluid in the tool to flow
to the surface.
