ENERGY CRISES IN
INDIA
BY:- k.j.ladhake
CONTENT
DEFINATION
INTRODUCTION
ELECRICITY SECTOR IN INDIA
GENRATING CAPACITY
FUTURE REQUIRMENT
GOVERNMENT PLANNING
LOSSES –REASONS-REMEDIES
ELECTRICITY SAVING TIPS
CONCLUSION
Defination
An energy crisis is any great bottleneck (or
price rise) in the supply of energy
resources to an economy. It usually refers
to the shortage of oil and additionally to
electricity or other natural resources.
An energy crisis may be referred to as an
oil crisis, petroleum crisis, energy
shortage, electricity shortage or electricity
crisis.
INTRODUCTION
electricity is one of the key drivers for
rapid economic growth
power generated 628,016 million units of
electricity during April-February 2008-09
against requirement of 705,724 million
units.
the peak demand of 109,809 mw
Maharashtra suffered from about 26%
less peak generation at 13,375 mw
generated against a peak demand of
18,049 megawatt of energy in the state
Electricity sector in India
India is world's 6th largest energy consumer,
accounting for 3.4% of global energy
consumption
energy has grown at an average of 3.6% per
annum .
About 75% of the electricity consumed in India
is generated by thermal power plants, 21% by
hydroelectric power plants and 4% by
nuclear power plants
Electricity losses in India during
transmission and distribution are
extremely high and vary between 30
to 45%.
Due to shortage of electricity,
power cuts are common throughout
India and this has adversely effected
the country's economic growth
Theft of electricity, common in most
parts of urban India, amounts to
1.5% of India's GDP.
Thermal Power
Current installed capacity - 93,392.64 MW
-63.3% of total installed capacity
Coal Based Thermal Power -77,458.88 MW
Gas Based Thermal Power -14,734.01 MW
Oil Based Thermal Power -1,199.75 MW
Hydro Power
approximately 36647.76
Country Production Installed
(TWh ) Capacity
(GW
China 585.2 171.52
Canada 369.5 88.974
Brazil 363.8 69.080
India 115.6 33.600
Nuclear Power in India
supply 25% of electricity from nuclear
power by 2050.
seventeen nuclear power reactors
produce 4,120.00 MW
Maharashtra-
Jaitapur 1 & 2 1600MWe -2017-18
1. Jaitapur 3 & 4- 1600MWe - 2012
2. Jaitapur 5 &6-1600MWe
Renewable Power
Renewable energy -13,242.41 MW
7.7% southern state of Tamil Nadu
contributing
potential in India for generation of power
from wind, small hydro, and biomass is
around 80,000MW
By 2012 around 20,000MW, which is 10
per
Solar power in India
• merely 0.5% compared to other
energy
• Thar Desert -solar power -700 to
2,100 gw
• produce 20 GW of solar 2020
• 301 clear sunny days -4 to
7 kWh/m2
Wind power in India
• Maharashtra (1837.85 MW),
• Karnataka (1184.45 MW),
• Rajasthan (670.97 MW),
• Gujarat (1432.71 MW),
• Andhra Pradesh (122.45 MW),
• Madhya Pradesh (187.69 MW),
• Kerala (23.00 MW),
• West Bengal (1.10 MW),
• other states (3.20 MW)
•Maharashtra is second -Vankusawade
Wind Park (201 MW),near the Koyna
reservoir in Satara district
Installed wind power capacity (MW
# Nation 2005 2006 2007 2008
United
1 9,149 11,603 16,818 25,237
States
2 Germany 18,415 20,622 22,247 23,933
3 Spain 10,028 11,615 15,145 16,543
4 China 1,260 2,604 6,050 12,121
5 India 4,430 6,270 8,000 9,655
FUTURE REQUIRMENT
GOVERNMENT PLANNING
• Hydro Generation –
hydro initiative launched - 50,000 MW
preparation. - 33,000 MW
200GW of solar electricity by 2050
At Dhule, Maharashtra, Suzlon -largest
wind farms -1,000MW.
solar installation -3 million square
meters of rooftop
Schemes for Promoting Energy Efficiency
in India
LOSSES-REASONS and
REMEDIES
• major amount system primary and
secondary distribution lines;
• transmission and sub-transmission
lines account about 30% of the
total losses
factors contributing lines losses
• Lengthy Distribution lines
• Inadequate Size of Conductors- The
size of the conductors should be
selected on the basis of KVA X KM -
• Distribution Transformers not
Located at Load center--
Reduce the voltage drop in the line
the distribution transformer should
be located at the load center
• Over-rated Distribution Transformers –
rating of DT should be judiciously selected to
keep the losses with the permissible limits.
• Low Voltage at Transformers and Consumers
Terminals-
• Lower Power Factor:
Shunt capacitors are connected on the secondary
side
improving this PF of the distribution system .
Bad Workmanship -Poor Contacts at Joints and
ConnectionsTherefore-
the number of joints minimum. jointing
techniques to ensure connections.
Connections to the transformer bushing-stem,
drop out fuse, isolator, and LT switch etc.
should be periodically inspected and proper
pressure maintained to avoid sparking and
heating of contacts.
Replacement of deteriorated wires and services
should also be made timely to avoid any cause
of leaking and loss of power.
SAVING ELECTRICITY TIPS
1. TURN OFF DEVICES
2. DO NOT LEAVE IN STAND BY
MODE
3. REPLACE energy efficient .
4. Hang your clothes out to dry rather
5. Cook many items .
6. Turn down your heating system
1. . Purchase energy efficient goods
2. clean the condenser coils
3. Cool cooked food
4. Do not put uncovered liquids
5. purchase an energy efficient eco
kettle
6. Don't keep opening the oven door
7. Put lamps in the corner of a room
CONCLUSION
faster growth in electricity
consumption also reflects the fact
that there will be further structural
changes in the Indian economy and
the population .It is not possible to
increase the generating capacity so
we concentrate on saving of energy
i.e. saving of energy =generation of
energy.
