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Lagrange Interpolation Formula Explained

The document presents information on Lagrange interpolation formula including: 1) It describes Lagrange's interpolation formula which finds a polynomial of degree n that agrees with given function values at specific points within an interval. 2) The derivation of the Lagrange interpolation formula is shown. 3) Examples are provided to demonstrate using the formula to find function values and using the inverse formula to find x values from given y values.

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Laiba Laiba
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248 views18 pages

Lagrange Interpolation Formula Explained

The document presents information on Lagrange interpolation formula including: 1) It describes Lagrange's interpolation formula which finds a polynomial of degree n that agrees with given function values at specific points within an interval. 2) The derivation of the Lagrange interpolation formula is shown. 3) Examples are provided to demonstrate using the formula to find function values and using the inverse formula to find x values from given y values.

Uploaded by

Laiba Laiba
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Division of Science and Technology, Lahore.

Course title: Numerical Analysis-1

Presentation Topic: Lagrange Interpolation formula


Submitted By: 1.Muhammad ikram (mcf 1900401)

2.Muhammad israr (mcf 1800331)

3.Imtiaz Hussain (mcf 1900226)

4.Tuba sultan (mcf 1900097)

5.Afsah zafar (mcf 1900265)

6.Usama ali gohar (mcf 1900350)

Program: Msc 3rd semester (morning)


Contents:

• Lagrange’s interpolation formula


• Derivation
• Example
• Inverse Lagrange’s interpolation formula
• Example
• Advantages
• Dis-Advantages
Lagrange’s Interpolation Formula :

 
• Let be continuous and differentiable in the interval (a,b).

• Given the set of +1 values of and , where the values of


need not necessarily be equally spaced.

• It is required to find , a polynomial of degree such that and


agree at the tabulated points.
 This polynomial is given by the following formula:

This is called the Lagrange’s Interpolation formula.


Derivation:
 
Let be a function which takes the values
corresponding to

Now can be represented as a polynomial of nth


degree to .
…(…(…(

…( __________ (A)
 putting x=x0 and y=y0 in equation (A)
we get

therefore,

again putting and in equation (A)


we get

Proceeding on the same lines,


We get
 
substituting the values of in equation (A)
we get
 
Example:
using Lagrange’s interpolation formula find y(10) from
the following table:

5 6 9 11

12 13 14 16

 
Solution:
Here, ,,,,
,,,
 
By lagrange’s interpolation formula,i.e.
 
 
Putting in the above equation we get

 
Hence, the value of is when is 10.
 
Inverse Lagrange’s Interpolation Formula:
Given the set of values of and ,we required to find the value of
corresponding to the value of .

For this purpose, Inverse Lagrange’s Interpolation will be very


useful.we interchange and Lagrange’s Interpolation Formula
,i.e.,take as independent variable and as dependent
veriable.hence,we obtain

 
+……… …
 

Example:
 
+¿ ¿
The following table gives the values of x and y:
30 35 40 45 50

15.9 14.9 14.1 13.3 12.5

Find the value of x corresponding to y=13.6.


Solution:
Here, =15.9,=14.9,=14.1,=13.3,=12.5, =30,=35,=40,=45,=50.

 
By using inverse Lagrange’s Interpolation Formula,i.e,
 
  +…………

Taking , we get
 
Advantages:

 
• The formula is simple and easy to remember.
• This formula can be used irrespective of whether the
values are equally spaced or not.
• There is no need to construct the divided difference
table.
Dis-advantages:

• There is always a chance to committing some error.


• The calculation provide no check whether the
functional values used to taken correctly or not.

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