0% found this document useful (0 votes)
58 views34 pages

Durasi Penggunaan Elektronik dan TTH

1) The study examined the relationship between the duration of electronic device use such as smartphones, computers/laptops, and televisions with tension type headaches in medical students at Udayana University. 2) 179 valid samples were obtained from an original 236 samples, with 57 samples excluded. Chi-square tests found a relationship between tension type headaches and smartphone use duration, but no relationship with computer/laptop or television use duration. 3) Suggestions included educating students about tension type headaches, conducting further research with better study designs such as cohort or longitudinal studies, and obtaining samples from all programs and year levels.

Uploaded by

Rio Ersa Ananda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
58 views34 pages

Durasi Penggunaan Elektronik dan TTH

1) The study examined the relationship between the duration of electronic device use such as smartphones, computers/laptops, and televisions with tension type headaches in medical students at Udayana University. 2) 179 valid samples were obtained from an original 236 samples, with 57 samples excluded. Chi-square tests found a relationship between tension type headaches and smartphone use duration, but no relationship with computer/laptop or television use duration. 3) Suggestions included educating students about tension type headaches, conducting further research with better study designs such as cohort or longitudinal studies, and obtaining samples from all programs and year levels.

Uploaded by

Rio Ersa Ananda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Hubungan Durasi Penggunaan Alat Elektronik dengan Tension

Type Headache pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran


Universitas Udayana Angkatan 2018

M Rio Ersa
Ananda
1402005130
Universitas Udayana
Tension Type
Headache
Cardinal symptoms and very common complaint

Classified as Primary headache.

The least studied headache.

Secara global, populasi orang dewasa dengan


nyeri kepala yang aktif adalah 46% merupakan
nyeri kepala secara umum, 11% untuk migrain
dan 42% untuk TTH
RUMUSAN MASALAH

Apakah terdapat hubungan antara durasi


penggunaan alat elektronik berupa smartphone,
komputer/laptop, televisi dengan tension type
headache pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Udayana?
Diurnal patterns of
pain
CLINICAL APPROACH

Hx: • pain when combing hair


describe your headache (pain) • stress
tempo, night/day, episodes • cold during headache?

other symptoms during • tablets


headache; nausea/vomit
• high temperature, sweats and
aura,light hurts your eyes, chill
blurred vision
• trouble with sinuses
watering or redness of one or
both eyes • trauma
Age-related causes of headache

Age-related causes of headache


Intercurrent
infections
children Psychogenic
Migraine
Meningitis
Post-traumatic
Tension
Migraine
Cluster
headache
adults Tension
Cervical
dysfunction SAH
Combination

Cervical dysfunction, Cerebral tumor,


Temporal arteritis, Neuralgias, Paget
elderly disease, Glaucoma, Cervical
spondylosis, SAH
TENSION-
TYPE
HEADACHE
TENSION-TYPE
HEADACHE
tension or muscle contraction type headache
typically symmetrical B/L tightness

last or hours and recur each day

stress or neck tension

IHS criteria
IHS criteria for tension-type
headache
International Headache Society (IHS3):-
A. The patient should have had at least 10 of these headaches in 1
month
B. Headache last from 30 min to 7 days
C. Headache must have at least 2 of the following 4:-
• non-pulsating quality
• mild/moderate intensity
• B/L location
• no aggravation with routine physical activity
D. Headache must have both of the following:-
• no nausea or vomiting
• photophobia and phonophobia are absent, or one but not the other is
present
E. No attributable to another disorder
Clinical features of tension
headache
Site: Frontal, over forehead & temples

Radiation: occiput

Quality: dull ache, like a ‘tight pressure feeling’, ‘heavy weight on


top of head’, ‘tight band around head’; tightness or vice-like
feeling rather than pain

Frequency: almost daily

Duration: almost daily

Onset: after rising, gets worse during day


Aggravating factors: stress, overwork with skipping
meals

Associated features: lightheadedness, fatigue.


neck ache or stiffness (occiput to shoulder),
perfectionist personality, anxiety/depression

Physical examination: muscle tension, scalp


often tender to touch
Management of tension-
type headache

Counselling & relevant advice; CBT(Cognitive


Behavioural Therapy)

Stress reduction

Medication
Association with
Electronic Device

• Indirectly > Bad posture > Static position >


Tension on the neck > Increasing in lactic acid >
Myofascial pain > Headache

• Directly > Radiation > Affecting BBB Permeability


> Minerals can pass through the nerve system >
Inflamated > Increase in Intracranial Tension >
Headache
HIPOTESIS
Research Method

• Research Design
• Time and Place
• Population
• Sample Criteria
• Inclusion Exclusion
• Sample Size
• Variable
• Data Analysis
• Disadvantage of the Research
Populasi Target
Populasi target adalah semua mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana

Populasi Terjangkau
Semua mahasiswa semester III program studi pendidikan dokter yang mengikuti proses perkuliahan di Fakultas

Kedokteran Universitas udayana yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi

Kriteria Equibilitas Sampel


 

Sampel dalam penelitian ini dipilih dari populasi terjangkau yang telah memenuhi kriteria

inklusi dan tidak memenuhi kriteria eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan


Kriteria Inklusi
• Mahasiswa berusia 19-21 tahun

• Mahasiswa yang memiliki alat elektronik berupa laptop/komputer,smartphone

• Bersedia menjadi sampel penilitian dan mengisi kuesioner

Kriteria Eksklusi
• Sedang atau memiliki riwayat penyakit tertentu ( contoh: cedera tulang belakang, cedera

leher dan atau hipertensi)

Kriteria Drop Out


• tidak mengisi kuesioner dengan lengkap
Besar Sampel

Berdasarkan perhitungan jumlah sampel menggunakan rumus

slovin didapatkan bahwa jumlah sampel yang dibutuhkan paling

sedikit adalah 153.8 atau dibulatkan menjadi 154 ma hasiswa dan juga

dijumlahkan dengan kriteria drop out yaitu sebesar 10% dari jumlah

minimal sampel, dibulatkan menjadi 170 mahasiswa.


Variabel

• Variabel Bebas : Durasi penggunaan Alat


Elektronik

• Variabel Tergantung : Tension Type


Headache

• Variabel Kontrol : Usia, penyakit tertentu,


cedera leher dan kepala

• Variabel Perancu : Stress, Sosial ekonomi,


Kondisi keluarga.
1. Analisis Univariat

Analisis univariat adalah suatu analisis untuk mendeskripsikan masing-masing variabel yang diteliti, dimana

analisis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran distribusi frekuensi variabel independen dan variabel dependen.

2. Analisis Bivariat
Analisis bivariat bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya hubungan antara variabel independen dengan
variabel dependen yaitu Tension Type Headache dengan uji kemaknaan 5%. Jika pvalue ≤ 0,05 artinya secara
statistik terdapat hubungan antara variabel indepen dengan variabel dependen. Sedangkan jika pvalue > 0,05
artinya tidak ada hubungan antara variabel independen dengan variabel dependen.
PEMBAHASAN DAN KESIMPULAN
236 Sampel, 57 DROP OUT 179 VALID
UJI CHI-SQUARE
• Didapatkan hubungan antara TTH dengan
durasi penggunaan smartphone,

• Tidak didapatkan hubungan antara TTH


dengan durasi penggunaan komputer/laptop ,

• Tidak didapatkan hubungan antara TTH


dengan durasi penggunaan televisi.
Saran

• Edukasi TTH kepada Mahasiswa

• Penelitian lebih lanjut dengan rancangan dan


desain penelitian seperti cohort, ataupun
longitudinal study

• Sampel juga perlu diambil dari semua prodi


dan juga lintas angkatan
REFERENCES

Murtagh’s General practice, 6th edition

Davidson’s Medicine textbook

http://www.webmd.com/migraines- headache
s/guide/status-migrainosus-symptoms-
causes-treatment
THANK
YOU !

You might also like