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Combinational Circuits & Logic Gates Guide

This document provides an overview of logic gates and digital electronics. It defines positive and negative logic and how truth tables represent all possible input combinations and corresponding outputs. Common logic gates like AND, OR, NAND and NOR are described. The document states that NAND and NOR gates are universal because any logic function can be built using only one of these gate types. It also briefly introduces common logic families like TTL and discusses recap questions about logic definitions and concepts.

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Ram Krishna
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103 views10 pages

Combinational Circuits & Logic Gates Guide

This document provides an overview of logic gates and digital electronics. It defines positive and negative logic and how truth tables represent all possible input combinations and corresponding outputs. Common logic gates like AND, OR, NAND and NOR are described. The document states that NAND and NOR gates are universal because any logic function can be built using only one of these gate types. It also briefly introduces common logic families like TTL and discusses recap questions about logic definitions and concepts.

Uploaded by

Ram Krishna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Analog & Digital Electronics

203143
UNIT 1: DESIGN OF COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS

Module 1:
Logic Gates Revision

REFERENCE: Presented by
Digital Electronics, Principles & Applications R V S Ram Krishna
Anil K Maini Department of Electrical Engineering
John Wiley Publications R H S College of Engg, Mgt Studies
Nasik
MODULE CONTENTS

Positive and Negative Logic


Truth Table
Logic Gates
Universal Logic Gates
Logic Families

OBJECTIVE

To understand the basics of logic gates and logic families


POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE LOGIC

Binary variables can have either of the


two states, i.e. the logic ‘0’ state or the
logic ‘1’ state.

These logic states in digital systems


are represented by two different
voltage levels or two different current
levels.

If the more positive voltage /current


level represents
a logic ‘1’ and the less positive
represents a logic ‘0’, then it is positive
logic system.

If the more positive voltage / current


levels represents
a logic ‘0’ and the less positive
represents a logic ‘1’, then it is a
negative logic system.
TRUTH TABLE

A truth table lists all possible


combinations of input binary
variables and the corresponding
outputs of
a logic system.

The logic system output can be


found from the logic expression,
often referred to as the Boolean
expression.

if a logic circuit has n binary


inputs, its truth table will have 2n
possible input combinations, or in
other words 2n rows
LOGIC GATES: OR GATE
OTHER LOGIC GATES

AND GATE EX-OR GATE NAND GATE NOR GATE

NOT GATE NOT GATE USING EXOR GATE


UNIVERSAL LOGIC GATES

OR, AND and NOT gates are the three


basic logic gates as they together can be
used to construct the logic circuit for any
given Boolean expression.

NOR and NAND gates have the property


that they individually can be used to
hardware-implement a logic circuit
corresponding to any given Boolean
expression.

It is possible to use either only NAND


gates or only NOR gates to implement
any
Boolean expression.

It is for this reason that NAND and NOR


gates are universal gates.
LOGIC FAMILIES

Diode Logic RTL (Resistor-Transistor Logic)

DTL (Diode Transistor Logic) TTL (Transistor Transistor Logic)


RECAP QUESTIONS
If +5V represents logic 1 and 0V represents logic 0, it is called
A) Positive Logic
B) Negative Logic
C) Zero Logic

If a logic circuit has 4 binary inputs, its truth table will have
D) 4 Rows
E) 8 Rows
F) 16 Rows

Which of the following are called universal gates?


G) AND Gate and OR Gate
H) NAND Gate and NOR Gate
I) EXOR Gate and AND Gate
RECAP QUESTIONS
If +5V represents logic 1 and 0V represents logic 0, it is called
A) Positive Logic
B) Negative Logic
C) Zero Logic

If a logic circuit has 4 binary inputs, its truth table will have
D) 4 Rows
E) 8 Rows
F) 16 Rows

Which of the following are called universal gates?


G) AND Gate and OR Gate
H) NAND Gate and NOR Gate
I) EXOR Gate and AND Gate

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