Chapter - 28
Receivables Management
and Factoring
Topics
Nature and Goals of Credit Policy
Optimum Credit Policy
Credit Policy Variables
Credit Evaluation of Individual Accounts
Monitoring Receivable
Summary of Key Concepts
BY Akash Saxena
Nature of Credit Policy
Investment in receivable
volume of credit sales
collection period
Credit policy
credit standards
credit terms
collection efforts
BY Akash Saxena
Goals of Credit Policy
Marketing tool
Maximisation of Costs & Benefits
sales Vs. Profitability
incremental profit
production and
Liquidity
selling costs
Tight Credit Loose
administration costs policy
bad-debt losses
BY Akash Saxena
Optimum Credit Policy
Estimation of incremental
profit
Costs & Return (%)
Estimation of incremental
investment in receivable Marginal cost of capital
Estimation of incremental
rate of return (IRR)
Comparison of incre- Marginal rate of return
mental rate of return with
Tight Credit Loose
required rate of return policy
(RRR)
Optimum credit policy:
IRR = RRR
BY Akash Saxena
Credit Policy Variables
Credit standards
Credit analysis
collection period
default rate
character
capacity
condition
capital
collateral
BY Akash Saxena
Credit Policy Variables
customer categories
good accounts
bad accounts
marginal accounts
numerical credit scoring
ad hoc approach
simple discriminant approach
multiple discriminant approach
BY Akash Saxena
Credit Policy Variables
Credit-Granting Decision
CREDIT GRANTING
DECISION
NO CREDIT GRANT CREDIT
PAYMENT PAYMENT
RECEIVED NOT RECEIVED
BENEFIT COST
PV OF FUTURE PV OF LOST
NET CASH INVESTMENT
FLOWS
NO PAYOFF
NET PAYOFF
PV OF
(BENEFIT - COST)
Credit-granting Decision
BY Akash Saxena
Credit Policy Variables
Credit terms
credit period
cash discount
Collection policy and procedures
regularity of collections
clarity of collection procedures
responsibility for collection and follow-up
case-by-case approach
cash discount for prompt payment
BY Akash Saxena
Credit Evaluation of Customers
Credit information
financial statements
bank references
trade references
Credit investigation and analysis
analysis of credit file
financial analysis
analysis of business and management
Credit limit
Collection efforts
BY Akash Saxena
Monitoring Receivable
Collection period
Aging schedule
Collection experience matrix
BY Akash Saxena