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Spatial Data Acquisition Guide

This document discusses different types of spatial data used in hydrological studies including point, linear, and area data. Point data represents unique locations like rain gauges. Linear data can represent features like rivers and drainage networks which are represented by single or double curves. Stream profiles show the variation in elevation of a river's thalweg over distance. Area data defines watershed or catchment areas that contribute runoff to a point through hydrological processes.

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59 views14 pages

Spatial Data Acquisition Guide

This document discusses different types of spatial data used in hydrological studies including point, linear, and area data. Point data represents unique locations like rain gauges. Linear data can represent features like rivers and drainage networks which are represented by single or double curves. Stream profiles show the variation in elevation of a river's thalweg over distance. Area data defines watershed or catchment areas that contribute runoff to a point through hydrological processes.

Uploaded by

seyer int
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ACQUISITION AND

MANAGEMENT OF
SPATIAL DATA
BY; FRANCO, JEFREY M.
• 8.1 Spatial Data 

•  8.2 Point Data 

• 8.3 Linear Data 


       - 8.3.1 The River 
       - 8.3.2 The drainage network 
       - 8.3.3 Stream Profile

•  8.4 Area Data 


Spatial Data 

• Spatial data are those data that have a spatial or space dimension

• Spatial data pertaining to a river such as channel cross sections,


longitudinal profiles and bed characteristics are needed for many
hydrological studies.
GIS as Spatial data
Point Data 

• In the context of spatial data, a point is a unique location on a line, in


an area, or in a volume. It has no spatial extent.
• A point may represent the location of a rain gauge
Linear Data 

• A linear feature can be represented by a line on a map, for example a


road or a canal.
Three types of linear elements

• Boundaries-

• Isopleths of a permanent feature- for example, contours

• Thalweg- is the line of lowest elevation within a valley or


watercourses
The River 

• a river may be represented by a


single curve or by two curves
representing its banks.
The drainage network 

• Drainage network, as the name


implies, is formed by orderly
joining the streams in a basin.
Stream Profile

• The variation in elevation of


the points of the stream
thalweg as a function of their
distance from the origin, which
is generally taken as the
confluence of the stream with a
larger stream or as its mouth.
Area Data 

• The basin or catchment or watershed area at a point is defined as the


area that receives precipitation and other inputs and, after hydrological
processes contributes to runoff at that point.

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