Management Thought and
Organizational Behavior
Prof Spurti Sushil
CONTENT
Definition of Management
Approaches to Management
Management Principles
Manager’s roles and functions
Work force diversity
Organizational Behavior(OB)
Study of HUMAN BEHAVIOUR in organizational
settings.
Interface between human behavior and
organization and the organization itself.
Studies the impact that individual, groups and
structure have on behavior within organization
Aim and focus is to improve organization's
effectiveness.
Why Study OB?
Responding to economic pressures
Responding to Globalization
Increased foreign assignments
Working with people from different cultures
Overseeing movement of jobs to countries with low
cost labor.
Goals Of OB
To describe systematically how people behave in
different conditions
To understand why people behave as they do
Predicting future employee behavior
Control at some human activity at work.
Importance of OB for Managers
Helps to look at the behavior of individual within an
organization
Aids complexities of understandings involved in
interpersonal relationships
Valuable for examining group dynamics and
relationships
Helps in viewing and managing organizations as whole
systems
Define Organizational Behavior
Organizational behavior (OB) is a field of study that
investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and
structure have on behavior within organizations for the
purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving
an organization’s effectiveness.
Major Behavioral Science Disciplines That
Contribute to OB
Organizational behavior is an applied behavioral science
that is built upon contributions from a number of
behavioral disciplines:
Psychology
Social psychology
Sociology
Anthropology
Major Behavioral Science
Disciplines That Contribute to OB
• Psychology
seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the
behavior of humans and other animals.
• Social psychology
blends the concepts of psychology and sociology.
Major Behavioral Science
Disciplines That Contribute to OB
• Sociology
studies people in relation to their social environment
or culture.
• Anthropology
is the study of societies to learn about human beings
and their activities.
Challenges and Opportunities of OB
Concepts
Sources: Based on J. R. Anderson, E. Binney, N. M. Davis, G. Kraft, S. Miller, T. Minton-Eversole, . . . and A. Wright, “Action Items:
42 Trends Affecting Benefits, Compensation, Training, Staffing and Technology,” HR Magazine (January 2013): 33; M. Dewhurst, B.
Hancock, and D. Ellsworth, “Redesigning Knowledge Work,” Harvard Business Review (January–February 2013): 58–64; E.
Frauenheim, “Creating a New Contingent Culture,” Workforce Management (August 2012): 34–39; N. Koeppen, “State Job Aid Takes
Pressure off Germany,” The Wall Street Journal, February 1, 2013, A8; and M. A. Shaffer, M. L. Kraimer, Y.-P. Chen, and M. C. Bolino,
“Choices, Challenges, and Career Consequences of Global Work Experiences: A Review and Future Agenda,” Journal of
Management (July 2012): 1282–1327.
Challenges and Opportunities of OB
Concepts
Responding to economic pressure
In tough economic times, effective management is an
asset.
In good times, understanding how to reward, satisfy,
and retain employees is at a premium.
In bad times, issues like stress, decision making, and
coping come to the forefront.
Challenges and Opportunities of OB
Concepts
Responding to globalization
Increased foreign assignments.
Working with people from different cultures.
Overseeing movement of jobs to countries with low-
cost labor.
Adapting to differing cultural and regulatory norms.
Challenges and Opportunities of OB
Concepts
Managing workforce diversity
Workforce diversity – organizations are becoming
more heterogeneous in terms of gender, age, race,
ethnicity, sexual orientation, and inclusion of
Workforce other diverse groups.
Management Principles
Classical Management Theories
Taylor’s Principle of Scientific Management
Weber’s Bureaucratic Approach
Fayol’s Principle of Management: Administrative
Theory.
Scientific Management Approach
Based on the concept of planning of work to achieve
efficiency, standardization, specialization and
simplification. Proposes four principles.
Science, not rule of thumb.
Scientific selection of workers.
Scientific training of workers
Management co operation, not conflict.
Weber’s Bureaucratic Approach
Structure
Division of Labor
Predictability and stability
Rationality
Democracy
Fayol’s Principle of Management
Administrative Theory
Accomplishment of tasks
Line and staff
Committees and function
Fayol’s Principles of Management
Seven Seven
Division of work Centralization
Authority and responsibility Scalar chain
Discipline Order
Unity of Command Equity
Unity of Direction Stability
Subordination Initiative
Remuneration Esprit De Corps
Modern Approach
Systems View point
Dynamic process of interaction
Multileveled and Multidimensional
Multi motivated
Probalistic
Multi disciplinary
Multi variable
Adaptive
HAWTHORNE EXPERIMENTS
THANK YOU
Questions ?
