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Rizal: Defining Filipino Heroism

The document discusses the concept of a hero in Filipino culture and history. It provides various definitions of "bayani" or hero from different time periods in the Philippines. The document also outlines the criteria used by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) to recognize national heroes, including sacrifice for the country and influence. It analyzes how Jose Rizal came to be recognized as the national hero of the Philippines despite initially being commemorated locally, in part due to promotion by the American colonial government.

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Jomarc Cedrick Gonzales
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479 views8 pages

Rizal: Defining Filipino Heroism

The document discusses the concept of a hero in Filipino culture and history. It provides various definitions of "bayani" or hero from different time periods in the Philippines. The document also outlines the criteria used by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) to recognize national heroes, including sacrifice for the country and influence. It analyzes how Jose Rizal came to be recognized as the national hero of the Philippines despite initially being commemorated locally, in part due to promotion by the American colonial government.

Uploaded by

Jomarc Cedrick Gonzales
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

TAYABAS WESTERN ACADEMY

RECOGNIZED BY THE GOVERNMENT


FOUNDED 1928
CANDELARIA QUEZON

CONCEPT OF
A HERO
Lesson 2
LESSON OUTCOMES
◦ At the end of the lesson, the students would be able to:
a. Trace the Filipino concept hero/ bayani through times;
b. Analyze the criteria set by the nation in recognizing heroes; and
c. Assess the heroism of Rizal using the definitions and criteria of heroes.
Concept of Hero in Filipino Culture and History
 How will you define a hero? A superman perhaps. Iron man, maybe.
 Hero in the early Filipino setting: a normal warrior of the community; often called
bayani, bagani, magani or wani.
 Tasks were based on daily needs of the village.
 Pangangayaw: raids in unallied territory.
 Reasons of doing this: secure resources, to avenge, life of enemies needs to sacrifice,
and personal prominence.
 Distinct features of a native hero: with tattoos, putong, garments colored red
 Ultimate goal of a bayani: to maintain peace and order.
Various Definitions of Bayani/ Hero
 Boxer Codex (1590): a person with high status and dignity.
 Pedro Derrano Laktaw: a person who is walang takot, matapang, matibay,
mapangahas pero tahimik at mahinahon.
Hero Through Time
Spanish Period
 Instead of living roles models, the Spaniards had introduced the image of obedience of saints and
disciples whom Filipinos had to imitate.
 Jose Rizal became the leading national hero
American Period
 Secular view of heroes
 Hero-worshipping of American soldiers through monuments and commemoration rituals
Modern Concept of a Hero
 OFW
 Front Liners
Criteria for Recognizing Heroes (from NHCP)
 The extent of a person’s sacrifice for the welfare of the country
 The motive and methods employed in the attainment of the ideals
 The moral character of the person concerned
 The influence of the person concerned on his/her age and/or the succeeding age
 Those who have concept of nation and thereafter aspire and struggle for the nation’s freedom
 Those who define and contribute to a system of life of freedom and order for a nation
 Those who contribute to the quality of life and destiny of a nation
 A part of the people’s expression
 Persons who think of the future, especially the future generations
 The choice of a hero involves not only the recounting of an episode or events in history but of the entire
process that made this particular person a hero
How did Rizal become a Hero?
 First commemoration was held on December 30, 1898 when Emilio Aguinaldo declared
a National Day of Mourning
 Provinces Tayabas (now Quezon) and Batangas observed a solemn commemoration in
front of Rizal’s portrait
 During the meetings of Katipunan, a portrait of Rizal was hanging in the room
 The Americans seized the opportunity and made Rizal the national hero of the
Philippines, on what grounds?
a. a hero who is not violent and militant
b. a hero who had no qualms against the Americans
c. a hero who is already dead
How did Rizal become a Hero?
 In 1901, William H. Taft, President of the Second Philippine Commission had appointed
Rizal to embody the brand of nationalism propagated by the American colonial government.
 No actual law during the Americans explicitly declared Rizal the official hero of the country.
 How did they promote Rizal’s heroism?
a. the creation of Rizal province
b. the erection of Rizal monument
c. the declaration of Rizal Day on December 30 as public holiday.
 This was heightened when in 1956, books, modules were published for educational
purposes

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