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Angina Pectoris Pharmacology Overview

The document discusses pharmacology of angina pectoris, including describing the different types of angina as stable angina, unstable angina, and Prinzmetal angina. It also covers the classification and mechanisms of common anti-anginal drugs such as nitrates, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers which work to relieve symptoms by dilating blood vessels and reducing oxygen demand on the heart. The summary focuses on key information about angina types, classifications of drugs used to treat it, and their mechanisms of action.

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Zakarie Abdullahi Hussein
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124 views11 pages

Angina Pectoris Pharmacology Overview

The document discusses pharmacology of angina pectoris, including describing the different types of angina as stable angina, unstable angina, and Prinzmetal angina. It also covers the classification and mechanisms of common anti-anginal drugs such as nitrates, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers which work to relieve symptoms by dilating blood vessels and reducing oxygen demand on the heart. The summary focuses on key information about angina types, classifications of drugs used to treat it, and their mechanisms of action.

Uploaded by

Zakarie Abdullahi Hussein
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Pharmacology of Angina

Pectoris
Prepared by 
Bashir Dhuh Ali

1
Introduction
• Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) heart disease
with primary manifestation that result from
myocardial ischemia owing to atherosclerotic
Coronary Artery disease
• Ischemic Heart Disease is most common cause
of mortality around the world
• IHD develops due to myocardial ischemia, in
which Angina pectoris is a symptom.
Angina Pectoris
• Medical term for Cardiac chest pain
• Angina Pectoris is an episodic, reversible oxygen
insufficiency
• Characterized by discomfort in the chest, jaw, shoulder,
back and arms, usually aggravated by Exertion or stress
and relieved by rest or Nitroglycerin.
• Angina pectoris can occur in patients with valvular
heart disease, uncontrolled hypertension, as well as
non cardiac organ systems such as chest wall,
esophagus or lungs.
Types of Angina Pectoris
• Stable angina (Classic)
• Unstable Angina
• Prinzmetal (Variant/
vasospastic) angina
Types of Angina
1. Stable Angina
• predictable
• occur - exercise, emotion , eating .
• caused by- coronary atherosclerosis
• Relieved by - taking rest
2. Unstable Angina
• There is no increase in myocardial oxygen
demand
Coronary thrombosis ( clot formation )
Build up of plaque
occlusion of coronary artery
abrupt reduction in blood flow
Unstable angina
3. Variant ( Prinzmetal ) Angina
• Uncommon
• Occur – at rest generally during sleep
• Caused by – coronary artery spasm
Classification of Anti- Anginal
Drugs
1. Nitrates
• Short-acting- Glyceryl Trinitrate( GTN )
• Long –acting- Isosorbide dinitrate
Isosorbide mononitrate
2. Beta-Blockers
propranolol, Metoprolol, Atenolol
3. Calcium-channel Blockers
verapamil, Nifedipine, felodipine, amlodipin
4. Adjuvents: Antiplatelets, Treatment of Hyperlipidemia and
Cyroprotectives (Trimetazidine, Ranolazine, Ivabradine)
Nitrates
• Exert direct vascular relaxant action (both
venous and arteries)
Mechanism of action
- Organic nitrates are reduced to organic nitrites
- Nitric oxide (NO) is produced
- It binds to the Nitric Oxide receptor (Guanyly
Cyclase) which causesVascular smooth
Relaxation.
Therapeutic uses of Nitrates
• Nitrates are available in the form of capsules,
transdermal patch, Intravenous solution, inhalation
They are used in the treatment of
- All types of Angina
- At the onset of pain of acute MI
- Dyspnoa
- Acute Left ventricular failure
- Congestive heart failure
- Acute anal fissure
Adverse Effects of Nitrates
• Headache: it is very common, it is due to
dilation of meningeal blood vessels.
• Tolerance: After repeated administration,
• Hypotension and Syncope
• Other Adverse effects: Tachycardia,
constipation, skin rash, dry mouth

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