Mechanics of Machines Lab (Presentation)

Presented To: Mam Rabbia Saher Presented

Department of Mechanical Engineering

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SOURCE OF INFORMATION
● World Wide Web
● Books
● Teacher
● YouTube

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OBJECTIVE
● Introduction & Function of Cam
● Disadvantages of Cam
● Problems due to Cam in Engine
● Camless Engine technology
● Camless Engine & It’s Component
● Advantages & Disadvantages of Camless Engine
● Conclusion

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 Introduction & Function of Cam
● It is an integral part of an IC engine.
● It controls the breathing channels or valves of an IC engine.
● It push open valves at proper time and guide their closer.

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Disadvantages of Cam
● Less volumetric efficiency
● Improper combustion in SI Engine
● Reduction in output of engine
● Valve timing diagram at low speed and high speed are different

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Problems due to Cam in Engine
● Controlling of breathing valves is inflexible except VTEC & VVT-1.
● Engineer could not vary timing , lift and duration of valve opening
infinitely .

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 Camless Engine
Technology
In this technology we use a
solenoids to open and close intake
and exhaust valves in a gasoline
engine.

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Camless Engine & It’s Component
● The Engine in which electromechanical actuators placed directly on the
valve, replace the camshaft.
● It was created on the basis of existing four cylinder, four valve engine.
● It has three components
1. Sensor
2. Electronic Control Unit
3. Actuators

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Use diagrams to explain your ideas
Camless-Engine

Sensor ECU Actuators

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Working Operation…..
● The Engine in which electromechanical actuators placed Most four-
stroke piston engines today employ one or more camshafts to operate
poppet valves. The lobes on the camshafts operate cam followers
which in turn open the poppet valves. A camless (or, free valve engine)
uses electromagnetic, hydraulic, or pneumatic actuators to open the
poppet valves instead. Actuators can be used to both open and close the
valves, or an actuator opens the valve while a spring closes it.

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Working Operation
● When upper electromagnet is activated
the vane is held upward. The valve is in
closed position.
● When upper electromagnet’s magnetic
field is disrupted, the vane is pulled
downward by springs. The actuation of
lower electromagnet maintains the valve
in the open position.

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Advantages of Camless engine
● It has freedom to optimize all parameters of valve motion, valve lift,
valve open duration etc.
● It reduced engine size an weight.
● It has better fuel economy 7-10 % increase.
● High torque and power 10-15% increase.
● It improve ideal stability.
● Better breathing at low engine speed.
● Lower exhaust emission(Un-burnt HC,NOx, Sox) so EGR system is
eliminated.
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Disadvantages Of Camless Engine
● Opening and closing of valves require some power.
● High Cost.
● Current solenoids can’t run at high rpm.
● Air gap between the solenoids may demand a higher magnitude of
current during certain priods.

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Conclusion
● It provide a great development in I C Engine and mark beginning of
2nd generation engine.
● Even though some disadvantages are present, we can expect
electrohydraulic & electromechanical valves to replace the
conventional camshaft technology.

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 References
● http://www.cvel.clemson.edu/auto/AuE835_Projects_2011/Shroff_pro
ject.h
● http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camless
● http://www.autospeed.com/cms/article.html?&A=0910

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 Thanks!
Any questions?
You can find me at
● [email protected]

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Credits
Special thanks to my favourite teacher ever Mam Rabbia
Saher.
● Teachers like you are one in a million!
● We will always be grateful to you for your support
and kindness.
● Thank you so much!

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