WELLCOME TO JAVA
PROGRAMING…
Design By
Er. Mirza Ghazanfar Baig.
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INTRODUCTION
JAVA is designed to meet the challenges of application development in
heterogeneous, network-wide distributed environments. Most important
among these challenges is secure delivery of application that consume the
minimum of software resources, can run on any hardware and software
platform, and can be extended dynamically.
JAVA is a general-purpose computer programming language that is concurrent,
class-base, object-oriented, and specifically designed to have as few
implementation dependencies as possible. It is intended to let application
developers “Write One, Run Anywhere” (WORA), meaning that code that
runs on one platform dose not need to be recompile to run on another.
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JAVA?
Java is an “Easy” programming language, just a tool like C++, VB, …and
English. Somehow a language tool itself is not so complex.
Java works for internet project(mainly), and apply “3-Tired Architecture”,
coding on the Server-Side, So besides Java language knowledge, we need to learn
lots of thing about telecommunication on web, to finish a real-time project.
Java Applies Object-Oriented Tech. Java is not so difficulty, though OOP is. A
java expert must be an OOP expert.
Java is very portable: Cross-Platform
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History
James Gosling and Sun Microsystems.
Java, whose original name was Oak
Java, May 20, 1995, Sun World
HotJava, The first Java-enabled Web browser
JDK Evolutions
J2SE, J2ME, and J2EE (not mentioned in the book, but could
discuss here optionally)
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Characteristics of Java
Java is simple
Java is dynamic
Java is robust
Java is portable
Java is secure
Java is interpreted
Java is object-oriented
Java is architecture-neutral
Java is multithreaded
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Integrated Development Environment
Java IDE Tools
IDE means the Environment in which Java Programs or Applications
are Developed and Run.
JVM Forte by Sun Micro Systems.
Borland JBuilder
Microsoft Visual J++
WebGain Café
IBM Visual Age for Java
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What is JDK, JRE and JVM?
JDK (Java Development Kit)
It provide Environment to Develop and Run the Java Program for Developers.
JRE (Java Run Environment)
It provide Environment to Run the Java Application for Clients.
JVM (Java Virtual Machine)
It is Responsible to Run the Java Program or Application Line by Line for
Developers and Client both.
JDK = JRE + Development Tools
JRE = JVM + Library Classes.
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JDK Versions
1 - JDK Alpha and Beta. (1994)
2 - JDK 1.0(1996)
3 - JDK 1.1(1997)
4 - J2SE 1.2(1998)
5 - J2SE 1.3(2000)
6 - J2SE 1.4(2002)
7 - J2SE 5.0(2005)
8 - Java SE 6.0(2006)
9 - Java SE 7.1 Versioning change. (2011) Java 5 updates.
8 - Java SE 8.1 (2014) Java 6 updates.
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JDK Editions
Java Standard Edition (J2SE)
J2SE can be used to develop client-side standalone applications
or applets.
Java Enterprise Edition (J2EE)
J2EE can be used to develop server-side applications such as
Java servlets and Java Server Pages.
Java Micro Edition (J2ME)
J2ME can be used to develop applications for mobile devices
such as cell phones.
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How JAVA Works?
Java's platform independence is achieved by the use of the
JVM (Java Virtual Machine).
A Java program consists of one or more files with a .java
extension, these are plain old text files.
When a Java program is compiled the .java files are fed to a
compiler which produces a .class file for each .java file
The .class file contains Java bytecode.
Bytecode is like machine language, but it is intended for the
Java Virtual Machine not a specific chip such as a Pentium or
PowerPC chip
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To run a Java program the bytecode in a .class file is fed to an
interpreter which converts the byte code to machine code for a
specific chip (IA-32, PowerPC)
Some people refer to the interpreter as "The Java Virtual Machine"
(JVM).
The interpreter is platform specific because it takes the platform
independent bytecode and produces machine language instructions
for a particular chip.
So a Java program could be run an any type of computer that has a
JVM written for it. PC, Mac, Unix, Linux, BeaOS, Sparc
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The Interpreter's are sometimes referred to as the
Java Virtual Machines.
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Getting Started with Java Programming
A Simple Java Application
Compiling Programs
Executing Applications
Bytecode
Java Java Java
Interpreter Interpreter Interpreter
...
on Windows on Linux on Sun Solaris
Executing JAVA Applications
On Command Prompt
Typejavac then Class or File
Name .java.
Ex- javac Welcome.java
Javathen Byte Code or Java .Class
file name.
Ex- java Welcome
Output:...
Compiling and Running a Program
Where are the files stored in the directory?
15
Creating and Compiling Programs
The output of the compiler is .class file
Anatomy of a Java Program
Comments
Package
Reserved words
Modifiers
Statements
Blocks
Classes
Methods
The main method
Comments
We use the Comment to enhancing the readability of
our program.
In Java, comments are preceded by two forward slashes
(//) in a line, or enclosed between /* and */ in one or
multiple lines. When the compiler sees //, it ignores all
text after // in the same line. When it sees /*, it scans for
the next */ and ignores any text between /* and */.
Package
A Package is a namespace that organize a set of
related classes and interfaces.
The second line in the program specifies a package
name, for the class Welcome. Forte compiles the source
code in Welcome.java, generates Welcome.class, and
stores Welcome.class in the folder.
Reserved Words
Reserved words or keywords are words that have a specific meaning to
the compiler and cannot be used for other purposes in the program.
For example, when the compiler sees the word class, it understands
that the word after class is the name for the class. Other reserved
words are as public, static, and void. Their use will be introduced
later in the book.
Modifiers
Java uses certain reserved words called modifiers
that specify the properties of the data, methods, and
classes and how they can be used. Examples of
modifiers are public and static. Other modifiers are
private, final, abstract, and protected. A public datum,
method, or class can be accessed by other programs. A
private datum or method cannot be accessed by other
programs.
Statements
A statement represents an action or a sequence of
actions. The statement System.out.println("Welcome
to Java!") in the program in Example 1.1 is a
statement to display the greeting "Welcome to Java!"
Every statement in Java ends with a semicolon (;).
Blocks
A pair of braces in a program forms a block that
groups components of a program.
public class Test {
Class block
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Welcome to Java!"); Method block
}
}
Methods
What is System.out.println? It is a method: a
collection of statements that performs sequence of
operations to display a message on the console. It can be
used even without fully understanding the details of how
it works. It is used by invoking a statement with a string
argument. The string argument is enclosed within
parentheses. And the argument is "Welcome to Java!"
You can call the same println method with a different
argument to print a different message.
Main Method
The main method provides the control of program
flow. The Java interpreter executes the application by
invoking the main method.
The main method looks like this:
public static void main(String args[]) {
// Statements;
}
Classes
The class is the essential Java construct. A class is a
template or blueprint for objects. To program in Java,
you must understand classes and be able to write and use
them. The mystery of the class will continue to be
unveiled throughout this book. For now, though,
understand that a program is defined by using one or
more classes.
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Thank You!
Design By
Er. Mirza Ghazanfar Baig.
Infoseek | Brand of My5 Technology Pvt. Ltd.
