DETERMINATION OF VITAMIN C LEVELS IN
RED DRAGON FRUITS (Hylocereus
costaricensis (F A.C. Weber) Britton &
Rose) USING UV-Visibel
SPECTROFOTOMETRY METHOD
NAME OF GROUP:
MIDHATI NUR SHABRINA(1717905)
MITA NURAFIKA(1717907)
M. NIZAR FIRMANSYAH(1717908)
M. RAFI (1717913)
M. FADHIL RAHMAN (1717915)
Abstrak
A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED ON THE DETERMINATION OF VITAMIN C
CONTENT IN RED DRAGON FRUIT (HYLOCEREUS COSTARICENSIS
(F.A.C. WEBER) BRITTON & ROSE) FROM THREE REGIONS IN WEST
SUMATERA USING UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETRY METHOD. EACH
SAMPLE WAS MEASURED BY A UV SPECTROPHOTOMETER WITH A
WAVELENGTH OF 264 NM. THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY SHOWED
THE LEVELS OF VITAMIN C OF H. COSTARICENSIS S.1 SAMPLE FROM
SUMANI, SOLOK 0,3003 MG / G, S.2 SAMPLE FROM KETAPING,
PADANG PARIAMAN 0,3205 MG / G AND S.3 SAMPLE FROM LUBUK
MINTURUN, PADANG 0.2673 MG / G. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USING
ONE-WAY ANOVA SHOWED THAT VITAMIN C CONTENT WAS
SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT BETWEEN S.1, S.2 AND S.3 SAMPLES AT
P <005.
Introduction
Vitamin C is one of the nutrition which There are some methods developed for
that serves as antioxidants and determining vitamin c levels among
effective Overcome free radicals which them are spectrophotometri uv-vis
that can Damaging cells or tissue, methods. Spectrophotometry methods
including protecting the lens from can be used to designate mixed levels of
oxidative damage caused by radiation. overlapping spectrum without
separation. Since software is easy to use
The fruit of the dragon is one of the
for analysis and microcomputer
most potential plants to develop, one
instruments, speculators are widely used
being a natural source of antioxidants.
in various fields of chemical analysis
mainly in pharmaceuticals.
Material and tool
which I should used are...
Tools Materials
Analytical balance Beaker glass Red dragon fruit
Funnel Erlenmeyer
Solution of methylene blue
Spatula Stirrer bar
Ascorbic acid
Whatman filter paper Macro pipette
No.1 NaOH 10%
Instrument of
Volumetric flask spectrophotometer
UV-Visible (Uvmini- FeSO4 5%
Volumetric beakers
1240) Betadine
Vaporizer cup
Methanol
Aquabidest
Method
Sampling
Sample was taken when we visited the garden on district/city of
Padang, Padang Pariaman and Solok, West Sumatra.
Identification of samples
We visited Andalas University Department of Biology, Faculty of
Natural Sciences, University of Andalas where the herbarium sample
(we use) has been identificate
Method
Qualitative test
• Take 2 ml sample and add 4 drops of methylene blue solution, and
then warmed up to temperatur of 40°C, for 3 minutes till the blue
color faded or disappear
• Take 2 ml sample and add 2 drops of 10% NaOH. Then add 2 ml of
5% FeSO4. Let it react. The reaction is positive when the solution
become yellow
• Take several ml sample and add betadine drop by drop wisely. Let it
react for 3 minutes. Notice the color change, betadine colors will be
reduced or disappear
Method
Parent manufacture of 100ppm Vitamin C solution
Using volumetric flask 50mg ascorbic acid being dissolve in 500ml
aquabidest and homogenized
Determination of the maximum Absorption
Wavelength of Vitamin C solution
Take 5ml of parent solution and measurable flask was added 50ml
(concentration of 10ppm). Then added aquabidest to mark boundaries
and homogenized. Measured with maximum wavelength at 200-400
nm using aquabidest
Method
Making Calibration Curves Determination of the Content of Each
Sample
Piped with 100 ppm vitamin C solution into a
50 mL volumetric flask each of 2 mL, 3 mL, 4 2.5 g of dragon fruit which has been mashed
mL, 5 mL and 6 mL (4 ppm, 6 ppm, 8 ppm, put in a measuring flask 50 mL, then added
10 ppm and 12 ppm). Then added aquabides aquabides to the boundary mark is
until the boundary mark is homogenized and homogenized, and filtered with filter paper.
measured absorption at wavelengths Pipette as much as 35 mL of filtrate, put it in
maximum obtained. 50 mL volumetric flask, and add aquabides up
to the boundary mark. Next, measured
absorption at wavelength maximum done 3
times repetition for each sample.
Method
Data analysis
Data from research results were processed statistics using analysis
one-way variant (ANOVA), then followed by Continuous Duncan New
Multiple Range Test, using SPSS static software 16.0 for Windows
Evaluation.
Results and Discussion
Vitamin C is an antioxidant which can counteract free radicals.
Vitamin C is found in many fruits and vegetables. Vitamin C is a
vitamin which is easily soluble in water. Therefore sterile aquabides
was used in order to reduce the risk of impurities and free of
pyrogens. obtained the maximum wavelength of 284 nm using a uv
vis spectrophotometer. the linear regression equation of the
calibration curve is y ＝ 0.05 + 0.0657x with a correlation
coefficient of 0.9992 which shows the linearity of the equation.
Results and Discussion
The quality of precision of measurement indicated by the
value of the detection limit and the limit of the measurement. The
limit of detection which shows the results of 0.5022 micro g / mL is
the smallest number of analytes contained in the sample that are
still detected and provide a significant response to the blank. And
the quantitation limit that shows the results of 1.6742 micro g / ml
is the smallest amount of analyte that can still be measured
carefully.
Results and Discussion
The samples used are dragon fruit taken from three areas of
western Sumatra. Samples of s.1 are derived from an x Koto
Singkarak district of Solok sub-district with an elevation of plantation
location approximately 363 metres. S.2 samples have come from an
Ketapang Tapakis district of Paliaman sub-district with an elevation of
plantations of about 2 masl and a sample of s.3 comes from the Lubuk
Minturun Koto Tengah district, high the location of a red dragon
orchard about 50 m. The fruit of the dragon is a tropical plant and is
extremely adaptable to the growing environtment and the changing
weather. Dragon fruit which has better growth and development in
the lowlands, namely 0-100 masl is a tropical plant and is very
adaptable to the growing environment and weather changes. The
quality of dragon fruit can be seen in size, weight, and sweetness.
Results and Discussion
The value of kv used was export 2% (who, 1992). In the form
of a percentage, the amount of vitamin c in s.1 sample is 0.03003
%, s.2 sample is 0.03205 %, and a 0.02673 % sample. The fruit of
the red dragon is a desert plant that grows well in the lowlands. This
is consistent with the estimated grade of vitamin c in s.2 samples
with the lowest elevation 0f 2 m (0.3003 mg/g). But the s.1 and s.3
samples do not match the result of calculating vitamin c levels in
samples to the height of the sample area. This is may be due to
other factors such as the environment (land,climate, and weather,
pests, etc.), cultivation, seedlings, harvesting and other factors.
Results and Discussion
A dragon fruit weights over 400 grams. If a dragon fruit
weighing 400 grams, then the vitamin c levels of dragon fruits
sample S.1 is 120,12 mg, vitamin c levels in the sample S.2 is
128,83 mg and in sample S.3 is 106,96 mg. The amount of vitamin
c which used for research in is 3.5 times greater than in the
literature 8-9 mg in 100 grams of dragon fruit. This is because the
method which used in the research of appointing vitamin c levels of
the red dragon fruit is not through a separating or refining vitamin c
first.
Results and Discussion
The presence of another substance in the sample allowed
another substances to be measured in the instrument, as the
results of measuring the levels of vitamin c in the sample to be
higher. But the amount of vitamin c in sample S.1, S.2, and S.3 can
still be consumed because they remain within the acceptable levels.
The amount of vitamin c allowed per day is less than 1000 mg.
Vitamin c is water-soluble vitamin which will be secreted through
the urine and therefore low toxicity. An excess of vitamin c intake
can result in the formation of kidney stones.
Results and Discussion
The data analysed by the ANOVA test was one way with the
SPSS 6.0 program and Duncan’s further test with a P rate less than
0.05 indicates that there is a significant difference between the
levels of vitamin c from sample S.1 from Sumani, sample S.2 from
Kitapang, and sample S.3 from Lubuk Minturun.
Conclusion
The highest levels of vitamin c founding on the sample S.2 from
Ketaping district Padang Pariaman has been reported by
researchers of 0.3205 mg/g, than sample S.1 is 0.3003 mg/g, and
sample S.3 is 0.2673.
Suggestion
It is hoped that researchers will be able to research vitamin c
levels of red dragon fruit or the skin of red dragon fruit by
separating or refining first.
