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Course Objectives: Problems Probability Theory For Engineering Problems Discrete Time

The document outlines the course objectives, format, and topics for a discrete signal processing course. The course aims to develop conceptual understanding of discrete signal processing concepts, ability to apply DSP to engineering problems, and improved math skills. Key topics include time-frequency relations, Z-transforms, Fourier transforms, digital filter design, and uses of DSP with examples in Matlab.

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jyoteeshm
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68 views16 pages

Course Objectives: Problems Probability Theory For Engineering Problems Discrete Time

The document outlines the course objectives, format, and topics for a discrete signal processing course. The course aims to develop conceptual understanding of discrete signal processing concepts, ability to apply DSP to engineering problems, and improved math skills. Key topics include time-frequency relations, Z-transforms, Fourier transforms, digital filter design, and uses of DSP with examples in Matlab.

Uploaded by

jyoteeshm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course Objectives

• Conceptual understanding of DSP concepts


– Concept tests
• Ability to use DSP to “solve” engineering
problems
• Improved engineering math skills, and use of
probability theory for engineering problems
• Time/Frequency relations in continuous and
discrete time
• Using Matlab for DSP
Objectives

• Course format
• Course Outline
• Introductory concepts
• Using Matlab for DSP
Background Reading

• Pages 1-14 of Text

• Explore Matlab
Course Outline

• What is discrete time?


– Signals
– Systems
– Descriptions
• Difference equations
• Impulse response
• Signal flow diagrams
• Transfer functions
Z-transforms

• Analogous to Laplace transforms


– (but easier!!)
• Applicable to both signals and
systems
• System transfer function is
important
Fourier transforms
(Discrete Frequency and Time)

• Frequency domain analysis


• Frequency response function (of
system)
• Similarities and important
differences vs continuous time
frequency
– aliasing
Digital Filter Design

• Goals of discrete time filtering


• Limitations
• Structures
• Building blocks in complex systems
Uses of DSP

• Analysis
– Signal Input/ Measurement Output
– Speech Recognition, Spectral Analysis,
Target Detection
• Filtering
– Signal Input and Signal Output
– Removal of unwanted signals
– Biomedical signal Processing, Speech
enhancement, etc.
Some Matlab Basics
and examples
• Vector/Matrix based
– We will usually use row vectors in
this class (1 x N)
• Can manipulate entire vector/matrix
as an object
• Can create “m” files to build modules
• Go over some simple Matlab signals
and show plotting
RC Low Pass Filter

i(t)
xa(t) ya(t)
C
Converting to Discrete Time
• Approximate derivative using small
time increment
1
xa(t)  R i(t)   i(t) dt
C
dy ya(t)

{
i (t)  C a
dt
dy (t)
xa(t)  RC a  ya(t)
dt
dy (t)
ya(t)  RC a  xa(t)
dt
The Form Of The Solution

Step Response
ya(t)  ( 1 - e -t/RC ) u(t)
Impulse Response
h(t)  e-t/RC u(t)
In general, the solution has a term of form
k e-t/RC function terms.
Discrete Time Approximation

One approach to discrete time solution


- Approximate derivative by discrete
time approximations
y (n) = ya(nT) where T = sample time
= very small interval
Also x (n) = xa(nT)
dy  y(n 1) - y(n)
dt T
Difference Equation
y(n)  RC y(n 1) - y(n)  x(n)






T  

T y(n)  y(n 1) - y(n)  T x(n)


RC RC
let n 1  n
n  n -1 & solve

y(n)  T  1 y(n-1) - T x(n)


 
 
 
 


RC 

 RC

Impulse Response: h(n)  k an u(n)


Some observations

• Analog system is duplicated at


sample times
• Simple computation
• This approach is not the best,
because too small sample times are
required
Homework

• 1.1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.9, 1.15


• Use Matlab to help, where possible

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