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Estimating DAB for Gas Mixtures

This document discusses methods for estimating the binary diffusion coefficient (DAB) for gas mixtures. It describes two experimental methods: the twin bulb method and the Stefan tube method. The twin bulb method involves allowing diffusion between two bulbs initially filled with different gases, then measuring concentration changes over time. Predictive equations for estimating DAB are also presented, including the Chapman-Enskog, Hirschfelder, and Fuller relations, which are based on molecular properties and assumptions about intermolecular forces.

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49 views11 pages

Estimating DAB for Gas Mixtures

This document discusses methods for estimating the binary diffusion coefficient (DAB) for gas mixtures. It describes two experimental methods: the twin bulb method and the Stefan tube method. The twin bulb method involves allowing diffusion between two bulbs initially filled with different gases, then measuring concentration changes over time. Predictive equations for estimating DAB are also presented, including the Chapman-Enskog, Hirschfelder, and Fuller relations, which are based on molecular properties and assumptions about intermolecular forces.

Uploaded by

Ali Usman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Mass Transfer

Fundamentals
(ChE-206)
Lecture No. 6
Estimation of DAB for Gases
• Experimentally measured values for different mixtures are given in
Table 2.1.
• Experimental methods
• Empirical correlations / predictive equations
Twin Bulb Method
• Initially, connecting valve is closed.
• Bulb A is filled with component A.  𝑁 𝐵 V2
V1
• Bulb B is filled with component B.
• Open the valve to allow diffusion.
• After sometime, valve is closed.
• Samples are taken from both bulbs for 𝑁
  𝐴
analysis.
• Concentration change is small as compared to
Equimolar Counter diffusion
bulb volume.
  Steady state rate of mass
• Diffusion through connecting tube is steady
transfer:
state.
•  Since, equimolar counter diffusion is in progress. So,
• =-

Conc. Change within bulbs is:


 
 1
 − 𝑑 𝑝 𝐴 1 𝑎𝑁 𝐴 ∗ 𝑅𝑇  
Rearranging =
𝑑𝑡 𝑉1

 2
 𝑑 𝑝 𝐴 2 𝑎𝑁 𝐴 ∗ 𝑅𝑇  
Rearranging =
𝑑𝑡 𝑉2

• Combine eq. 1 & 2

−𝑑 ¿ ¿ ¿
 
 
+
  𝑎 𝐷 𝐴𝐵 ( 𝑝 𝐴 1 − 𝑝 𝐴 2 )
𝑎𝑁 𝐴 =
𝑅𝑇 ∗𝑙

 
−𝑑 ¿ ¿ ¿
 
−𝑑 ¿ ¿ ¿ Integrating t, 0  t’

Stefan Tube
Predictive Equations
(i) Chapman & Enskog Relation
• Derived from Kinetic Molecular theory of gases.
• Based on molecular properties.
Assumptions:
• Molecules are regarded as rigid spheres.
(ii) Hirschfelder Relation
• It accounts forces of attraction/repulsion.
• For non-polar, non reacting molecules.
(iii) Fuller Relation
• For dilute gases
• Non polar binary gas mixtures.
• Applicable at low pressure
• Table 2.4

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