Scribd
Upload
169 views6 pages

Calculus: Definite Integrals Basics

The document defines the definite integral as the limit of Riemann sums from a to b of a function f over that interval. It represents the area under the graph of f between the bounds a and b if f is continuous and nonnegative. Some examples of definite integrals and their representations of common areas are given such as the interval from 1 to 2 of the function f(x)=4 representing an area of 8.

Uploaded by

gil tabion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
169 views6 pages

Calculus: Definite Integrals Basics

The document defines the definite integral as the limit of Riemann sums from a to b of a function f over that interval. It represents the area under the graph of f between the bounds a and b if f is continuous and nonnegative. Some examples of definite integrals and their representations of common areas are given such as the interval from 1 to 2 of the function f(x)=4 representing an area of 8.

Uploaded by

gil tabion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

4.

3
Riemann Sums and Definite Integrals

Definition of the Definite Integral


If f is defined on the closed interval [a, b] and the limit of
a Riemann sum of f exists, then we say f is integrable on [a, b]
and we denote the limit by
n b
lim ∑ f (ci )Δxi = ∫f ( x)dx
Δx → 0
i =1 a

The limit is called the definite integral of f from a to b. The


number a is the lower limit of integration, and the number b
is the upper limit of integration.
The Definite integral as the area of a region
If f is continuous and nonnegative on the closed interval
[a, b], then the area of the region bounded by the graph
of f, the x-axis, and the vertical lines x = a and x = b is
given by

b
area = ∫f ( x)dx
a
Areas of common geometric figures.
4 f(x) = 4
3

∫4dx Area = 4(2) = 8


1
1 2 3

∫ 4 −x 2 dx
−2

1 2 1 2
A = πr = π 2 = 2π -2 2
2 2
Definition of Two Special Definite Integrals

1. If f is defined at x = a, then
a

∫f ( x)dx = 0
a

2. If f is integrable on [a, b], then

a b

∫f ( x)dx = −∫f ( x)dx


b a
Additive Interval Property

If f is integrable on the three closed intervals determined


by a, b, and c, then
b c b

∫f ( x)dx = ∫f ( x)dx + ∫f ( x)dx


a a c

a c b
Properties of Basic Integrals

b b

∫kf ( x)dx = k ∫f ( x)dx


a a

b b b

∫[ f ( x) ± g ( x)]dx = ∫f ( x)dx ± ∫g ( x)dx


a a a

You might also like