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Preloading

This document discusses preloading techniques for soil improvement, specifically comparing sand drains and prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs). Sand drains are constructed by drilling holes and filling them with sand to accelerate consolidation. PVDs consist of a synthetic core wrapped in fabric and provide shorter drainage paths. Both techniques speed consolidation compared to without drains. Sand drains can reinforce soft soil but cause more disturbance during installation. PVDs are easier to install but require surrounding soil to drain laterally to the drain. Overall, vertical drains reduce surcharge time needed for consolidation in fine-grained soils.

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B Divya jyothi
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855 views14 pages

Preloading

This document discusses preloading techniques for soil improvement, specifically comparing sand drains and prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs). Sand drains are constructed by drilling holes and filling them with sand to accelerate consolidation. PVDs consist of a synthetic core wrapped in fabric and provide shorter drainage paths. Both techniques speed consolidation compared to without drains. Sand drains can reinforce soft soil but cause more disturbance during installation. PVDs are easier to install but require surrounding soil to drain laterally to the drain. Overall, vertical drains reduce surcharge time needed for consolidation in fine-grained soils.

Uploaded by

B Divya jyothi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PRELOADING WITHOUT AND WITH SAND

DRAINS, STRIP DRAINS AND ROPE DRAINS


By
KRISHNAKARTHIKA G
19071D1203

Department of Civil Engineering


VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering &Technology,
Bachupally, Hyderabad-500090
1
Hydraulic Modification

• Free- pore water is forced out of the soil by


drains of wells
In coarse grained soil :
This is achieved by lowering the ground water level
through pumping from bore holes or trenches
In fine grained soil:
The long term application of external load
(preloading ) or electrical forces (electrokinetic
stabilization is required.
Pre compression or pre loading
• Pre loading technique is simply to place a
surcharge fill for consolidation settlement to take
place before construction.

• More effective in clayey soil.(desired


consolidation may take long time).

• Vertical drains used to accelerate consolidation by


reducing the drainage path lengths.
SOURCE :SOIL IMPROVEMENT BY PRELOADING(PC
VARGHESE)
Vertical drains
• Unique technique in which drains are installed
under surcharge load

• Provide shorter path for the water to flow.


Types
1. sand drains
2.prefabricated vertical drains(PVD)
Sand drains
• Constructed by drilling holes through the clay
layer by rotary drilling , continuous flight
auger or driving down hallow mandrels into
the soil.

• Sand is filled when surcharge is applied the


pore water pressure in clay increase and will
dissipated by drainage in both the directions.
source : Sand drains (das 1983)
Advantages
• sand drains can work as sand piles .

• They reinforce soft soil in which they are installed.

• Sand drains replace only 1 to 2% of soil volume .

• Overall improvement in the bearing capacity may


be more than 10%.
source :Pre loading with and without vertical
drains (retech.in)
Disadvantages
• Cause disturbance to the soil surrounding each
drain.

• During filling, bulking of sand which lead to


cavities .

• Construction problem due to large diameter of


sand drains.
Prefabricated Vertical Drains
• PVD are also known as wick drains or strip
drains consists of channelled synthetics core
wrapped in geotextile fabric .

• Used to reduce surcharging process time and


accelerate settlement.

• Pore water will move laterally to nearest drain.


source :Pre fabricated vertical drains (PVD) (das 1983)
Installation of prefabricated vertical drains
THANK YOU…

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