https://library.automationdirect.
com/pneumatic-actuator-air-cylinder-basics/
P6
Produce a circuit diagram to meet a given pneumatic system specification
Lesson Objectives
• Understand the given pneumatic circuit specification
• Identify the components required to solve the pneumatic problem
• Draw the pneumatic circuit as per the specification
• Simulate the pneumatic circuit using FluidSim
• Build and test the pneumatic circuit on Festo Station
Pneumatic Circuit Structure
Steps
Understand the given problem (what are the requirement/specifications)
List out the components required with their symbols
Draw the circuit diagram as per the specification
Simulate the circuit
Test the functioning of the circuit on the Festo Station
Problem 1
When a push button is pressed, a single acting cylinder is to extend and
when push button is released, the cylinder is to retract. While retracting,
the cylinder should retract slowly.
Components:
Circuit:
Simulate
Problem 2
A double acting cylinder is to extend when a push button is pressed.
When the push button is released, the cylinder retracts. The cylinder is of
small bore (25 mm diameter requiring a small flow rate to operate at the
correct speed.
Components:
Circuit:
Simulate
Modifications:
•Modify this circuit and use 3/2-way valve.
•One manual operated and other lever limit switch valve.
•The cylinder should operate automatically.
Activity
For safety reasons, the entrance door to a storeroom in a
supermarket must open and close slowly. A double-acting
cylinder is used to slide the door.
An incomplete circuit
is shown. Complete
the circuit diagram
then build and test
the circuit.
Describe the
operation of the
circuit.
Valve A Valve B
Direct Control of Pneumatic Cylinder
The cylinder is operated directly by the directional control valve.
The cylinder is actuated manually or mechanically actuated valve without any
intermediate component (additional valve directional control valve/relay/PLC).
When:
Cylinder with piston diameter smaller than 40 mm
Valves with connection sizes smaller than ¼ inch
Low flow rates
No remote control is required
Advantages
Cheap
Easy
Indirect Control of Pneumatic Cylinder
The cylinder is operated indirectly by the directional control valve.
The cylinder is actuated by pneumatically operated directional valve which actually
controlled via a smaller valve.
When:
Cylinder with piston diameter larger
Valves with connection sizes smaller than ¼ inch
High flow rates
Remote control is required
Advantages
Can switch more than one valve at a time
Latching is possible
Remote control is possible
Problem 3
A double acting cylinder is to extend when a push button is
pressed. When the push button is released, the cylinder retracts.
The cylinder is of 250 mm in diameter and consumes a large
volume of air.
Components
Shuttle Valve
Problem 4: (page 76)
The piston rod of a double acting cylinder is to extend when a
3/2 roller valve is actuated and the push button of 3/2-way
roller lever valve is actuated. If either of the two are released,
the cylinder is to retract to initial position.
Components
Two Pressure Valve
A) when a push button is pressed, a single acting cylinder is to
extend and when push button is released, the cylinder is to
retract. While retracting, the cylinder should retract slowly.
https://library.automationdirect.com/pneumatic-actuator-air-cylinder-basics/
P6
Produce a circuit diagram to meet a given pneumatic system specification
Lesson Objectives
• Understand the given electro pneumatic circuit specification
• Identify the components required to solve the electro pneumatic problem
• Draw the electro pneumatic circuit as per the specification
• Simulate the electro pneumatic circuit using FluidSim
• Build and test the electro pneumatic circuit on Festo Station
Electro-Pneumatic
It is controlling Pneumatic systems using electrical means.
Electrical signal can be AC or DC (12V to 220 V).
Solenoid is used as an interface between electrical and pneumatics.
Electro pneumatic offers advantages such simple, fast and many device options/logic
available, easy installation.
Components
DC power supply.
Switches.
Relays.
Solenoid valves.
Direct Control of Electro Pneumatic Cylinder
The cylinder is operated directly by the directional control valve.
The cylinder is actuated directly by the solenoid valve without any intermediate
component (additional valve directional control valve/relay/PLC).
When:
Low flow rates/low currents
No remote control is required
Advantages
Cheap
Easy
Problem:
Beverages case are inspected for completeness. If there’s a faulty case, it is rejected/pushed off the belt by pressing a push
button that actuates a cylinder.
Components:
Indirect Control of Electro Pneumatic Cylinder
The cylinder is operated directly by the directional control valve.
The cylinder is actuated indirectly by the solenoid valve using a relay coil/PLC
valve/relay/PLC).
When:
Large piston diameter
High Currents/large size/high flow rate
Remote control is required
Advantages
Can switch more than one valve at a time
Latching is possible
Remote control is possible
Relay
It is electromagnetically actuated switch to make and break the contact.
When the voltage is applied to a solenoid coil
terminals (A1, A2) in Fig.1.14, it will become an
electromagnet which in turn attracts the contacts of
the relay either closing or opening them.
The spring returns the contacts to the initial
position immediately after disconnecting the
voltage at the coil terminals.
ISO symbol of relay
Relay Contact
Relay Coil
Problem:
A double acting cylinder controlling a sheetmetal rolling press is to extend when
a switch is operated. Upon release of the switch, the piston rod is to retract.
The cylinder is 250 mm diameter and consumes a large volume of air.
Problem:
A carton ejector is to be controlled from either side of a
conveyor track. If switch S1 or S2 is pressed, the double acting
cylinder ejects the rejected carton from the conveyor. When
both switches are released the ejector piston rod must retract.
The cylinder is to be controlled by a 5/2 way solenoid valve
Latching
Used specially when we want output to be ON (latched) even if push button is
depressed.
Problem
A stop valve is to be opened and closed by a
double acting cylinder.
When the switch marked “open” is pressed the
piston rod is to extend and remain extended.
When the “close” switch is pressed, the cylinder
retracts.
The switch that opens the valve must override
the close switch.
Identify the components required to solve this problem.
Draw the electro pneumatic circuit.
Construct and test your solution on Festo Station.
Unlatch
Before PB pressed When PB pressed
When PB released
latching
Step 3
Steps 1 and 2
