SUBMITTED TO:

AR. GUNEET SIDHU

SUBMITTED BY:
BHINDER SINGH
MANPREET SINGH
PUSHPINDER SINGH
 Ceramic tiles flooring
 Stone flooring
 Wooden flooring
 PVC or Vinyl flooring
 Mosaic Flooring
 Concrete Flooring
 Terrazzo Flooring
 Glass Flooring
 Brick flooring
 1. Ceramic Tiles Flooring:
Ceramic tile is made up of mixture of clay and water only. It is
used in indoor as well as outdoor areas. Ceramic tiles are
ideal for wet areas like bathrooms, kitchens, etc. as these
tiles are not very slippery as compared to vitrified tiles.
Types of ceramic Flooring:-
1.(a) Vitrified Tiles Flooring
1.(b)Porcelain Tiles Flooring

Size of tiles:-
300×600 mm
600×600 mm
610×610 mm
800×800mm
Thickness of tiles:- 10mm thick
 Properties

 Slip resistance
 Dirt resistance
 Fire resistance.
 Ceramic tiles more durable as compared to
other types of tiles.
1.(a) Vitrified Tiles Flooring
Vitrified tiles is one type of ceramic tile with low
porosity . Vitrified tiles are often used outdoors due to
their water and frost resistance. Vitrified tiles is made
by hydraulic pressing a mixture of clay, quartz,feldspar
and silica,which make vitreous surface. Thus creating
a single mass making them hard with low porosity
There are various types of vitrified tiles available in
the market like;

Full Body Vitrified Tiles:

Full body vitrified tiles have pigment in entire thickness
of the tile. Therefore, scratches are less noticeable in
these types of vitrified tiles. Also, when you have to cut
the tiles, borders of tiles will be of the same color.
Double Charge Vitrified Tiles:
Double charge vitrified tiles are fed through a press that
prints the pattern with a double layer of pigment (two
kinds of colors are fed into the machine). Therefore,
the upper layer becomes 3 to 4 mm thicker. So, it is a
viable option where traffic is medium to heavy.
1.(b)Porcelain Tiles Flooring
Porcelain tiles are ceramic tiles commonly used to
cover floors and walls, with a water absorption rate of
less than 0.5 percent. The clay used to build porcelain
tiles is generally denser. They can either be glazed or
unglazed. Porcelain tiles are one type of vitrified tiles,
and are sometimes referred to as porcelain vitrified
tiles
2. Stone Flooring
Stone flooring is natural, beautiful, and always stylish that
stands out in contrast to any synthetic or manufactured
stone products. Natural stones also comes in different
types such as granite, marble, limestone, slate, travertine,
sandstone, etc. All the types of stone have different
characteristics. The naturally cool, hard surface is ideal for
warm climates.
2.(a) Marble Flooring
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized
carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite.
The most popular marble available in India are Makarana
Marble, Italian Marble, Ambaji Green Marble, Kesarayaji
Green Marble, etc. Marble floor tile are also used for both
interior and exterior flooring applications. It is a better
flooring option than granite flooring as it is cheaper.
 Properties

• Marble is hard and dense stone.

• Marble can’t resist acid or acidic foods . Therefore, marble
colour and texture may get changed or damaged when it
comes in contact with acidic contents.
• Marble is less scratch resistant as compared to granite.
2.(b) Granite Flooring
Granite is a common type of igneous rock with between
20% and 60% quartz by volume, and at least 35% of the
total feldspar consisting of alkali feldspar . Polished
granite slabs and tiles are used in countertops, tile floors,
stair treads and many other design elements. Granite is a
prestige material, used in projects to produce impressions
of elegance and quality. Available in 20 mm thick slabs
and 9 mm thick tiles
 Properties

• Durable and natural with visible coarse grains. •.

• Slip resistant.
• Hardest type of stone
• Once polished gives a mirror finish
• Can resist a lot of wear and tear.
2.(c)Limestone Flooring
Limestone is a sedimentary rock. Its major materials are
the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are
different crystal forms of calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
limestone should not be used in a shower - they are very
porous even after sealing. With constant use, the sealer
would wear away and they will be high maintenance...
2.(d)Sand stone Flooring
• Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly
of sand-sized(0.0625 to 2 mm) mineral particles
or rock fragements.
• Most sandstone is composed of quartz or feldspar.
• A hard, yet very porous stone. Natural sandstone is
an extremely hard and tough material. The natural
beauty makes sandstone great for interior floors.
 2.(e)Slate Flooring
Slate is a metamorphic rock composed of clay or volcanic
ash. flat sheets of stone which are used for roofing, floor
tiles, and other purposes.
• It has an extremely low water absorption index of less
than 0.4%, making the material waterproof.
• Slate is incredibly durable and can last several
hundred years, often with little or no maintenance.
3.Wood Flooring
Wood flooring is very old type of flooring material;
however, it has never been outdated. It is used under
special circumstances such as in hilly areas and in damp
places. With proper care and maintenance, wood
flooring can last a long time.
03(a) Solid Wood Flooring
Solid Wood Flooring is made from a piece of wood which
has thickness of around 20 mm. Solid wood flooring can
be installed in any room of your house, except in areas
where there is high moisture
03(b) Engineered Wood Flooring
Engineered wood flooring is made with the core of plywood
and a layer of solid wood attached on its top. It can be
installed even in kitchen areas, apart from other rooms of
your house. Engineered Wood Flooring gives more
attractive look than laminate wood flooring.
03(c) Laminate Wood Flooring
Laminate Wood Flooring is obtained by placing a layer of a
photographic image of wood over a fiberboard. As it is a
synthetic product, it does not give look and feel of
natural wood. Laminate wood flooring can be installed in
any room such as living room, bedroom, and dining room
except wet areas like bathroom and laundry rooms.
04. PVC or Vinyl Flooring
PVC flooring is popularly known as vinyl flooring. .Vinyl
flooring is composed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and are
made in layers. It is available as tiles, planks, or sheets
form. PVC or vinyl flooring comes in many different
patterns and styles such as wood, carpet, etc.. Vinyl
flooring is a good choice for areas that are prone to spills
and moisture.
05. Mosaic Flooring
Mosaic flooring is made of small pieces of broken tiles or
of glass, stone , arranged in different patterns .This pieces
are cut to desired shapes and sizes.. They form nice
pattern and give a beautiful look. Example of Mosaic
flooring are terraces and indoor gardens.
06. Concrete Flooring
Concrete flooring is one of the oldest types of flooring. It is
commonly used throughout the world for almost all types
of buildings. Concrete flooring is extremely strong and is
able to withstand high pressures.
07. Terrazzo Flooring
Terrazzo is a composite material, poured in place or precast,
which is used for floor and wall treatments. It consists of
chips of marble, quartz, granite, glass, or other suitable
material, poured with a cementitious binder.
09. Glass Flooring
Glass flooring is not very common, but can be used in both
residential and public buildings particularly to have smooth
and pleasing surface. Glass flooring is generally bacteria
and dirt-resistant.
10. Brick Flooring
Brick Flooring is one of the oldest types of flooring materials.
It is majorly used in courtyards, stores, godowns, etc. Brick
flooring is durable and provides sufficiently hard floor
surface. It provides a non-slippery and fire-resistant
surface.
 Properties

•Brick is a relatively good insulator, and while it

takes a long time to heat up, it can retain that heat
very well.
•Brick is one of the hardest and most durable
flooring materials available. It requires little
maintenance.
• Slip resistant
 Choices
 Uses
 Quality
 Traffic (High, Low or Medium)
 Difficulty of Installation
 Required Level of Finishing
 Maintenance i.e. Cleaning
 Economy