Human Rights
By
M. Zubair
Lecturer Kmu
Human Rights Defined
Human rights are generally
defined as those rights, which
are inherent in our nature, and
without which, we cannot live
as human beings.
- United Nation
Human Rights Defined
International norms that help to
protect all people everywhere
from
severe political, legal, and social
abuses.
[Link]
What is Human Rights?
Human Rights refers to the
concept of human beings as having
universal natural rights, or status,
regardless of legal jurisdiction or
other localizing, such as ethnicity,
nationality, and sex.
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Section 1 The Declaration
Declaration of Human Rights
On December 10, 1948 the General Assembly
of the United Nations adopted and proclaimed
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).
1948
It states that:
Everyone has a right to…
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life, freedom and security humane equal protection
Section 1 The Declaration
treatment in law
freedom of thought,
conscience and religion rest and leisure
take part in access public service and marry and start a family
government social security
own property
be presumed innocent
until proven guilty Work, for a just wage
an adequate
Freedom of opinion free choice of employment
and expression
standard of
living
just conditions at work
freedom of peaceful
assembly and association join a trade union protection of privacy, family,
home, correspondence and
education asylum from persecution reputation
participate in a nationality
cultural life
Basic Characteristics of
Human Rights
Inherent Indivisible
Fundamental Universal
Inalienable Interdependent
Imprescriptible
Categories of Human
Rights
As Fundamental Freedom in Political
Rights
As Democratic Rights
As Mobility Rights
As Right to Life, Liberty and the
Security of the Person
As Legal Rights
As Rights of Equality
Categories of Human
Rights
As Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights
As Workers’ Rights
As Aboriginal Rights
As Reproductive Rights
As Protective Rights of Persons in
Armed Conflicts
As Right of Self-determination
As Minority Group Right
set of standard that guarantee a
life befitting a rational human
being.
are basic and minimum
standards without which people
can’t live in dignity.
guarantees the development
and wholeness of our being.
are the “Foundation of freedom,
justice, and peace in the world.”
• Denial of Human Rights is not only an
individual’ personal tragedy, it also creates
conditions of social and political unrest,
violence and conflict within and between
societies and nations.
• Human rights must be appropriate and
adequate to the basic needs of the people.
• Being aware of our human rights come the
responsibility in developing and protecting our
dignity and that of others.
• Human rights provide a framework for action
where people are empowered to change their
lives and the society.
There are FOUR
CHARACTERISTICS of
Human Rights
INHERENT - essential part or our lives,
intrinsic.
UNIVERSAL - people have human
rights whoever they are and
wherever they are.
INDIVISIBLE - human rights must be
enjoyed by everyone in its full
range.
INALIENABLE - can’t be taken away or
transferred (but can be limited when
the exercise of it is an affront to the
rights of others.
Human Rights can
be classified as…
CIVIL RIGHTS – pertains to rights
belonging to a person by reason
of citizenship (e.g.. right to a
name, right to freedom from
discrimination, right to equality
before the law, right to public
trial, right to marry, right to leave
a country, etc.)
POLITICAL RIGHTS – enables the
people to participate in running
or influencing the administration
of the government (e.g. right to
vote, right to freedom of
expression, right to free and
periodic elections, etc.)
ECONOMIC RIGHTS – pertains to access to resources- such
as land, labor, physical, and financial capital- that are
essential for the creation, legal appropriation, and market
exchange of goods and services (e.g. right to work, right to
own property, right to adequate standard of living, etc. )
SOCIAL RIGHTS – relates to living together or enjoying life in
communities or organized groups (e.g. right to social
security, right to social welfare, etc.)
CULTURAL RIGHTS – ensures the well-being of the individual
and foster the preservation, enrichment and dynamic
evolution of arts, manners and way of living of a group with
principles of unity in diversity of expression ( e.g. right to
take part in the cultural life, right to enjoy the benefits of
scientific progress and its application.
HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION entitles every
woman, man, youth, and child to:
- The human right to free and compulsory elementary
education and to readily available forms of
secondary and higher education.
• The human right to freedom from discrimination in
all areas and levels of education, and to equal access
to continuing education and vocational training,
and:
• The human right to information about health,
nutrition, reproduction, and family planning.
The human right to education is inextricably linked to
other fundamental human rights- rights that are
universal, indivisible, interconnected and
interdependent including:
• The human right to equality between men and
women and to equal partnership in the family and
society;
• The human right to work and receive wages that
contributed to an adequate standard of living;
• The human right to freedom of thought, conscience,
religion, and belief;
• The human right to an adequate standard of living,
and;
• The human right to participate in shaping decisions
and policies affecting one’s community, at the local,
national and international levels.
