SOLAR
SYSTEM
SOLAR SYSTEM?
It is a star and all
of the objects
that travel
around it —
planets, moons,
asteroids, comets
and meteoroids.
What are the different in
the Solar System?
SUN
MERCURY
EARTH JUPITER URANUS
PLUTO
VENUS MARS NEPTUNE
SATURN
Terrestrial planets
The inner four worlds are called
“terrestrial planet,” (Mercury, Venus,
Earth, Mars)because it is composed
primarily of silicate rocks or metals.
Jovian planets
The four large outer worlds - Jupiter,
Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune - are
known as the “Jovian Planets”(meaning
“Jupiter-like”) because they are all huge
compared to the terrestrial planets, and
because they are gaseous in nature
rather than having rocky surfaces.
, "two of the outer planets beyond the
orbit of Mars — Jupiter and Saturn —
are known as gas giants; the more
distant Uranus and Neptune are called
ice giants." This is because, while the first
two are dominated by gas, while the
last two have more ice. All four contain
mostly hydrogen and helium.
PLUTO- THE
SECOND LARGEST
DWARF PLANET IN
THE SOLAR SYSTEM
AND THE 10TH
LARGEST BODY
OBSERVED
DIRECTLY FROM
THE SUN.
SUN?
A huge of ball gases, a center
of the solar system which is the
largest and most important
member. It is the nearest star
to the earth.
The average distant of
the earth from the sun is about
149,600,000 kms. It is 1,400,000
kms. In diameter which is more
than 100x to the diameter of the
earth
The interior or the
hottest layer of the sun is
called CORE. The temperature
of this layer is 15x10 and 6 th
power C.
The visible surface of the sun is
PHOTOSPHERE. Also called the
solar disk and the deepest
layer of the sun. it is
comparatively cooler
than the core.
The lower part of the atmosphere
just above the photosphere is the
reversing layer or CHROMOSPHERE.
Also called the color sphere
because it’s pinkish tinge or
scarlet color due to the abundant
hydrogen that this layer contains.
CORONA the crown or
the outermost or
outside layer
of the sun.
MERCURY?
It is the nearest planet to the sun
and one of the brightest. The
second smallest planet. Its
distance from the sun
is 58,000,000 km. it has
very thin atmosphere
consisting of helium
It has the shortest period of
revolution of
all planets
completing its
orbits once
88 days.
VENUS?
It is a beautiful white planet
that is after the goddess of
beauty. Is at times an
evening star and at times
a morning star.
It is the
2 nd planet from the sun. it
reflects the 76% of the light it
receive from the sun, and
because of this it the 3 brightest
rd
object in the sky. It is completely
dry. There is no planet in this
planet.
Temperature and pressure at its
surface are very high. This planet
receives nearly twice as much
solar radiation per unit area as
the earth.
The enormous quantity of CO2
in its atmosphere presumably
produces a strong greenhouse
effect that is responsible for its
oven like surface temperature.
MARS?
It is a small
reddish
planet.
It has a rotation period and axial
tilt similar to the earth’s but no
longer seasons because
its period of
revolution
is nearly 2
earth years.
Mars is closest to earth
when it is at opposition
and opposition occurs
once every 780 days. 56-98 million kms.
Mars distance to the
earth ranges from 56 to
98 million kms.
Carbon dioxide appears to be the
principal gas in the atmosphere
of Mars. There are only faint traces
of oxygen, nitrogen and water
vapor in the atmosphere. A
great mass of hydrogen
also surrounds the planet.
Jupiter?
It lies more than 3x
as far away from the
Sun as Mars at a
distance some 483
million miles. Its
diameter is more
than 11x that of the
Earth.
It is made up almost entirely of
hydrogen and not on rock. Its
disc is cross with light (light band
zones) and dark reddish brown
bands(dark ones belt).
Beneath the colorful
atmosphere are
deep layers of
liquid hydrogen
and metallic
hydrogen above
the rocky core
Planet earth to scale in Jupiter
SATURN?
It is nearly as big as
Jupiter 74, 600 miles
diameter. It is a gas
ball like Jupiter it is
much lighter. Its ring
is made up of ice,
rock and dust.
The Voyager probes
visited planet they
discover another
number of rings. They
found tiny moons
orbiting close the
rings.
There were
moon in the
Saturn at helps
to keep the rings
in place called
Shepherd moon.
URANUS?
On March 13, 1879 an
English Astronomer
William Herschel spied
what he took to be a
comet in the Constellation
of Gemini but it wasn’t a comet
it was a planet called Uranus.
It is surrounded by thick
atmosphere composed of
hydrogen and helium it also
contain methane which gives
the planet a greenish
appearance which present its
cold and clear atmosphere.
It has also 13
distinct rings
and 27 moons.
It is 84 years to
orbit the sun in
earth days. Considered as
the most unloved planet.
It is one of the giants
planet. About 2.8
billion miles away
from the Sun. it is the
near twin of Uranus
being only 4.5%
smaller.
It is surrounded by thick
atmosphere containing by large
amount of methane. It revolves
outside the orbit of Uranus. It has
5 rings and 13 moons. Its volume
is 72 earth volume its mass is 17
earth’s mass.
We have another
different dwarf planets..
ERIS-The largest dwarf planet
Pluto- 2nd largest dwarf planet
Makemake-3rd largest dwarf
planet
Haumea is a dwarf
planet in the
Kuiper Belt 1/3
the mass of Pluto.
Ceres smallest identified
dwarf planet and the only one
in the asteroid belt.
What are different
theories and
Hypotheses in the
Solar System?
Eddy Theory. Carl Von Weizacker
development of a rotating mass
is more thoroughly understood
today than it was in Laplace
time. Internal friction tends to
produce whirlpools of rapidly
spinning fluid mass.
Dust-Cloud Theory. by Fred
Whipple the Solar System to be
was at first a vast cloud
cosmic dust and gases which
assumed a dislike shape.
Double-Star Theory.
Lyttleton believe that
in the beginning
there was the sun
and beside it was the
small companion star.
