Surgical
Instrument
for thoracotomy
Salsabilla Fasya K. Hanif Hilmi A.
130210170003 130210170033
Shintya Dewi S. Dinda Purnomo P.
130210170011 130210170031
Utari Dwi Putri Vinne Chandra S.
130210170040 130210170041
Table of content(s)
01 Scalpel
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02 Scissors
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03 Forceps
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04 Retractor
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05 Needle Holder
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what is thoracotomy?
Thoracotomy
(n) tho∙ra∙cot∙o∙my
A thoracotomy is a surgical procedure in which a
cut is made between the ribs to see and reach the
lungs or other organs in the chest or thorax.
Typically, a thoracotomy is performed on the right or left side
of the chest. An incision of the front of the chest through the
breast bone can also be used, but is rare. A thoracotomy is
performed for diagnosis or treatment of a disease and allows
doctors to visualize, biopsy or remove tissue as needed.
SCALPEL
DEFINITION
A scalpel, or lancet, is a small and extremely sharp
bladed instrument used for surgery, anatomical
dissection, podiatry and various arts and crafts.
Surgical blades vary by size and shape. The number
of the blade indicates the blade size and shape.
Scalpels may be single-use disposable or re-usable
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Scalpel Handle No. 3 The scalpel handles number 3 is
compatible with size 10 series disposable
Blade No. 15, 15C blades ( 10,11,12,15) and used for sharp
dissection. This handle has horizontal
serrations for thumb and forefinger
gripping. There are no metric markings
No. 15 on this particular handle number 3.
The no. 15 blade has a small curved
cutting edge and is the most popular
blade shape ideal for making short and
precise incisions. It is utilised in a variety
of surgical procedures including the
No. 15C excision of a skin lesion or current
sebaceous cst and for opening coronary
artery.
No. 15C blade is similar to the #15 but
with a downward angle, flatter and
thinner than the #15. The downward
angle makes this the preferred blade for
working within the chest during cardiac
surgery, and is commonly used to make
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Scalpel Handle No. 4 The scalpel handles number 4 is similar
to the scalpel number number 3, but
Blade No. 20, 22 compatible with the large size 20 series
disposable blades. It is used for sharp
dissection and has a center groove for
thumb and forefinger.
No. 20
The no. 20 blade is a large version of the
no. 10 blade with a curved cutting edge
and a flat, unsharpened back edge. Used
for orthopaedic and general surgical
procedures.
The no. 22 blade is a slighty larger
No. 22 version of the #20, with a curved cutting
edge and a flat, unsharpened back edge.
Used for skin incisions in both cardiac
and thoracic surgery, and to cut the
bronchus in lung resection surgery.
SCISSORS
DEFINITION
The scissor is defined as the cutting instruments or
materials used in cutting the paper, cloth, hair and
other materials with two sharp blades are screwed at
the center to cut together. Operating, or surgical
scissors, come in different sizes and are used to cut
soft tissue. The cutting blades can be straight, curved,
blunt or pointed. The function of the operation will
determine the shape of the cutting blade.
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Mayo Scissor A curved 10-inch-long Mayo Scissors are
used in the small working space created
by a small open thoracotomy or ports
inside the thoracic cavity. Scissors have
two blades; one is a moving and cutting
blade, while the other is stationary. In
this method, the upper side is the
moving blade and the lower side is the
stationary blade.
Conventional Mayo-type scissors can be
used to dissect and divide tissue, spread
and open tissue planes, dissect and cut
vessels, assist in tissue palpation, and
elevate and bluntly dissect tissue when
closed. Mayo's curved scissors used in
multiple procedures, settings and
versatile; the curved and long version
straight curved commonly used for cutting or dissecting
deep or dense tissue.
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Metzenbaum-Nelson A curved Metzenbaum-Nelson
Dissecting Scissors are most commonly
Disecting Scissors used for dissecting and cutting tissue.
These scissors have two blunt blade and
not recommended for cutting sutures,
drains, or heavy tissue. Metzenbaum-
Nelson scissors tend to be longer than
standard Metzenbaum scissors and are
ideal for use in thoracic procedures.
FORCEPS
DEFINITION
Forceps are a handheld, hinged instrument used for
grasping and holding objects. Forceps are used
when fingers are too large to grasp small objects or
when many objects need to be held at one time while
the hands are used to perform a task. There are two
basic types of forceps: non-locking (often called
"thumb forceps" or "pick-ups") and locking, though
these two types come in dozens of specialized forms
for various uses.
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Kantrowitz Right Angle Kantrowitz Right Angle Thoracic Forceps
are used to clamp vessels or hold sutures
Thoracic Forceps and it used in small animal surgery. The
overall length of this instrument is 7-1/2
inches. This forceps are similar to Mixter
and Finochietto thoracic forceps;
however, Kantrowitz commonly have
finer serrations as well as only partially
serrated jaws
Kantrowitz Right Angle Thoracic Forceps
are a ratcheted, finger ring cardiovascular
instrument used to clamp vessels or hold
sutures. The right angle curvature of the
tips of these forceps allows greater
access to hard to reach areas.
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Mixter Right Angle Mixter Right Angle Forceps are
ratcheted, finger ring forceps commonly
Forceps used for working in obscured surgical site,
most frequently used for clamping,
dissection, or grasping tissue. Mixter
right angle forceps are available in
multiple lengths and have serrations the
entire length of the jaw. Mixter's are also
available in our pre-made surgical sets -
including open heart, pacemaker, plastic
surgery and mammoplasty, orthopedic
and laparoscopic.
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Finochietto Finochietto Thoracic Forceps are a
ratcheted, finger ring cardiovascular
Thoracic Forceps instrument used to clamp vessels or hold
sutures. It contributes to a firm grasp of
the tissue or vessel being held during
operations such as thoracic surgery. The
curvature of the tips of
these forceps allows greater access to
hard to reach areas. The Finochietto have
long shanks and fully serrated jaws. The
angle of the jaws, along with the
longitudinal serrations, contributes to a
firm grasp of the tissue or vessel being
held during operations such as thoracic
surgery. Moreover, the jaws are curved to
the left and may provide easier access to
structures that may be difficult to reach.
RETRACTOR
DEFINITION
A retractor is a surgical instrument used to separate
the edges of a surgical incision or wound, or to hold
back underlying organs and tissues so that body
parts under the incision may be accessed.
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Richardson-Eastman Richardson-Eastman Double-Ended
Retractor is a handheld, right angle
Retractor retractor used for holding back layers of
(Product Number: 60-1699) tissue close to the surface in thoracic
surgery or general surgery. The concave
blades are different sizes and both
feature a crescent shaped lip. Often the
smaller blade will be used for an initial
retraction, then the larger blade will be
inserted for full retraction. This product is
considered the small Richardson-
Eastman retractor. It has a long blade
that measures 1-1/4" x 1-1/8" and a
short blade that measures 1" x 7/8". The
handle has a small barrel with ridges in
the center of the spine for improved
thumb or finger grip.
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Lahey Lahey Retractor is a handheld instrument
used during tracheotomy procedures.
Retractor The prongs are used to puncture the
trachea and pull it upwards.
(Product Number: 78-1201)
The Lahey has a straight shaft, and is
availalble in a one prong, two prong or
three prong smooth hook version
Ross Aorta Ross Aorta Retractor is ideally used in
cardiothoracic surgery. This instrument is
Retractor specially designed for use in aortic
retraction. The unique angled head,
crest-shaped beak design and long neck
allow for optimal maneuverability while
allowing as much unobstructed access to
the surgical field as necessary. This
instrument is available in six different
sizes to accommodate a wide array of
patient sizes and surgeon preferences.
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Tudor-Edwards Tudor-Edwards Retractor is used to
improve the operators grip while
Retractor delivering solid tractions on firm thoracic
(Product Code: RT-417-20) tissues. The Tudor-Edwards Retractor is
named after the Welsh thoracic surgeon,
Arthur Tudor Edwards, who was a
pioneer of lung surgery. The overall
length of the retractor is 20.5 cm. The
neck is flat and elongated. It projects
forwards to form a wide blade that has a
size of 55 x 47 mm. The blade has an
upper concave surface to optimize the
surgical view, and an anterior descending
lip to prevent slippage of retracted
tissues
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Alisson Lung Allison Retractor is a handheld, non-
ratcheted retractor used for holding lung
Spatula tissue. It has a solid handle with a finger
(Product Number: 55-7100) rest at the bottom and a flattened wire
spatula shaped working surface. The
wires are flexible and extend downward
slightly away from the handle before
slightly curving upwards again. The
instrument resembles a flattened kitchen
whisk. This product is straight with a
65mm retracting surface, and a length of
12-3/4 inches.
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Cooley Atrial Valve Cooley Atrial Valve Retractor is a
uniquely designed for use in
Retractor cardiothoracic surgical procedures. This
instrument is used particularly for atrial
valve retraction and is perfectly suited to
do so because of its bulb shaped handle
for firm handling and angled head piece
to allow manipulation while leaving the
surgical field accessible. This instrument
is available in three sizes: small, medium
and large all of which are for a right sided
approach. A left sided approach
instrument is also available to
accommodate a variety of surgical uses.
NEEDLE
HOLDER
DEFINITION
A needle holder, also called needle driver, is a
surgical instrument, similar to a hemostat, used by
doctors and surgeons to hold a suturing needle for
closing wounds during suturing and surgical
procedures.
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Mayo-Hegar Mayo-Hegar Needle Holder is used to
drive suture needles through tissue that
Needle Holder requires suturing and to assist in tying
sutures.
Short jaws have grooves that are cross
hatched on the surface, and some
models have a longitudinal groove down
the centers of the jaws. The cross-
hatching provides superior holding
power so the needle does not turn in the
jaws. The needle holder has a box lock
and may have carbide inserts in the jaws.
The inserts can be replaced if the jaws
lose their gripping power, thus extending
the life of the needle holder. Needle
holders with carbide jaws have gold
handles. Lengths include 5¼, 6, 7, 8, 10½,
and 12 inches. The size of the needle
holder is determined by the size of the
needle used. A needle that is too large
for a particular needle holder can
INSTRUMENT PICTURE FUNCTION
Olson-Hegar Olson-Hegar Needle Holder-Scissors
Combination is used to drive suture
Needle Holder-Scissors needles through tissue that requires
suturing and to assist in tying sutures.
Scissor blades are set behind the jaws.
After the suture is tied into a knot, the
surgeon can cut the suture material with
the same instrument. This can speed up
the time it takes to suture, but a false
move can mean disaster, for it is possible
that the surgeon might cut the suture
material in the wrong place or
inadvertently cut tissue. The lengths of
this instrument may be 5½, 6½, or 7½
inches. They too are available with
carbide jaws.
Thank you.
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