OPERATING
SYSTEM SERVICES
Made By: Nikita Biswas
Class: [Link] CS III
OPERATING SYSTEM
An operating system (OS) is a system
software that manages computer
hardware and software resources and
provides common services for computer
programs.
EXAMPLES
OPERATING SYSTEM SERVICES
Program
Execution
I/O
Protection Operation
s
Operating
System File
Resource System
Allocation Services Manipulati
on
Error Communi
Detection cation
Program Execution
The purpose of computer system is to allow users to
execute programs in an efficient manner. The
operating system provides an environment where the
user can easily run these programs.
Following are the activities performed by the operating system with respect to program
execution-
Loads a
Executes the
program into
program
memory.
Provides a Provides a
mechanism for mechanism for
process process
communication. synchronization.
Provides a
mechanism for
deadlock
handling.
I/O Operations
An I/O subsystem comprises of I/O devices and their
corresponding driver software. Drivers hide the peculiarities of
specific hardware devices from the users.
An Operating System manages the communication between
user and device drivers.
I/O operation means read or write operation with any file or any
specific I/O device.
Operating system provides the access to the required I/O device
when required.
File System Manipulation
● A file represents a collection of related information. A file system is normally organized into
directories for easy navigation and usage.
● Following are the major activities of an operating system with respect to file management -
Program needs to read a file or write a file.
The operating system gives the permission
to the program for operation on file.
Operating System provides an interface to
the user to create/delete files.
Operating System provides an interface to
the user to create/delete directories.
Operating System provides an interface to
create the backup of file system.
COMMUNICATION
In case of distributed systems which are a collection of processors
that do not share memory, peripheral devices, or a clock, the
operating system manages communications between all the
processes. Multiple processes communicate with one another
through communication lines in the network. The OS handles routing
and connection strategies, and the problems of contention and
security.
ERROR DETECTION
Following are the major activities of an operating system with
respect to error handling −
The OS The OS takes
constantly an appropriate
checks for action to
possible ensure correct
errors. and consistent
computing.
RESOURCE ALLOCATION
In case of multi-user or multi-tasking environment, resources such
as main memory, CPU cycles and files storage are to be allocated to
each user or job.
Following are the major activities of an operating system with
respect to resource management −
The OS manages all kinds of resources using schedulers.
CPU scheduling algorithms are used for better utilization of
CPU.
PROTECTION
• Protection refers to a mechanism or a way to
control the access of programs, processes, or
users to the resources defined by a computer
Definition system.
• Considering a computer system having
multiple users and concurrent execution of
multiple processes, the various processes
Need must be protected from each other's activities.
The OS ensures that
all access to system
resources is
controlled.
Following are the major
activities of an
operating system with
respect to protection −
The OS provides The OS ensures that
authentication external I/O devices
features for each are protected from
user by means of invalid access
passwords. attempts.
