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Introduction to Reactor Types and Design

This document discusses reactors and their classification. It begins by outlining the rules and evaluation criteria for the course. It then defines what a reactor is and its main purposes in chemical engineering. The document proceeds to classify reactors based on factors such as shape, process operation, phase, and arrangement. Examples of specific reactor types are provided for homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions. Key factors that influence reactor performance like reaction kinetics and heat transfer are also discussed. The document concludes by providing examples of common industrial processes and the corresponding reactor characteristics and design considerations.

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92 views14 pages

Introduction to Reactor Types and Design

This document discusses reactors and their classification. It begins by outlining the rules and evaluation criteria for the course. It then defines what a reactor is and its main purposes in chemical engineering. The document proceeds to classify reactors based on factors such as shape, process operation, phase, and arrangement. Examples of specific reactor types are provided for homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions. Key factors that influence reactor performance like reaction kinetics and heat transfer are also discussed. The document concludes by providing examples of common industrial processes and the corresponding reactor characteristics and design considerations.

Uploaded by

YoandD.Pluton
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LECTERER I: Introduction to

Reactor and It’s Classification

by
DR. FIRDAUS, ST.MT.

Chemical Engineering Department


BUNG HATTA UNIVERSITY
2017
Subject
• Rules of lecturer:
– On time attandance
– Use T-shirt
• RPS
• Evaluation
- Presentation 10%
– Assignment 30%
– UTS, middle test 25%
– UAS, final test 35%
 To design plant
 To operate plant
 To control the process
 To evaluate the process
 To improve the process
REACTOR
Reactor is the course incorporated
in the engineering group. It
discusses how to design types of
reactor for homogenous dan
heterogenous reactions, covering
the shape of reactor, the process and
operation condition, arrengement of
multi reactors, and selection of
reactor types.
Subjects of the Course
 Introduction: review the role of
the course of reactor in chemical
engineering; to design reactor, to
define rate of equation, residence
time, space time, heat of reaction,
conversion, yield, and selectivity.
 Reactor for homogenous reaction
 Reactor for heterogenous reaction
DEFINITION OF REACTOR

 AN EQUIPMENT in chemical industry


where the chemical reaction takes
place
 or
AN EQUIPMENT in chemical industry
where the conversion of reactants into
products takes place.
The CLASSIFICATION OF REACTOR
1. BASED ON THE SHAPE:
• Tank Reactor
• Coloum Reactor
• Pipe Reactor

2. Berdasarkan Proses
• Batch
• Alir (Kontiniu)
• Semi Kontiniu / Semi Batch

3. Berdasarkan Keadaan Operasi


• Reaktor Isotermal
• Reaktor Adiabatis
• Reaktor Non Adiabatis – Non Isotermal
4. Berdasarkan Fasa
•Homogen (Satu Fasa, Gas atau Cair)
•Heterogen (Lebih dari satu fasa)
5. Berdasarkan Susunan
• Sebuah reaktor saja
• Beberapa buah reaktor dihubungkan
secara seri atau paralel
• Beberapa reaktor yang tidak sejenis
dihubungkan seri untuk memperoleh
volume reaktor minimum

6. Berdasarkan reaksi yang berlangsung


•Reaktor untuk reaksi sederhana
•Reaktor untuk reaksi komplek
Reaktor Homogen dan Heterogen
• Reaktor untuk fasa reaksi homogen
Reaktor batch (RB)
Reaktor Semi Batch (RSB)
Reaktor Alir Tangki Berpengaduk (RATB)
Reaktor Alir Plug (RAP)
• Reaktor untuk fasa reaksi heterogen
Reaktor Fixed Bed
Reaktor Fluidized Bed
Reaktor Moving Bed
Reaktor Gelembung
Reaktor Slurry
REAKTOR KIMIA

A+B+P
A+B+P
Reaktor Pipa Ideal
Reaktor Partaian Reaktor Aliran Sumbat Reaktor
Tangki Ideal
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI
KINERJA REAKTOR
Produksi dari
Reaktor kimia, Volume,
produk yang
Space time, Catalyst,
diinginkan,
Model reactor,
Konversi,
Konfigurasi reaktor
Selectivitas, Yield

Performa
Reaktor

Reaction kinetics, Perpindahan panas,


Konsentrasi, Temperatur, Exothermic, Hot spots,
Tekanan, Mekanisme Runaway reaction,
reaksi, Katalis, Batas endothermic, Konfigurasi
termodinamics pertukaran panas
PROSES REAKTOR Karakteristik Pertimbangan
reaksi kimia perancangan
Perengkahan Fasa gas, homogen Endotermal, Perolehan produk,
Nafta konsekutif pemanasan dan
pendinginan cepat
Reformasi Fasa gas-padat, Endotermal, Neraca panas, fluks
kukus heterogen, unggun tetap reversibel, panas, katalis
kesetimbangan
Resin epoxy Fasa cair, reaktor tangki Polimerisasi Penghilangan panas,
berpengaduk eksotermal pengendalian reaksi
polimerisasi
Hydrotreating Fasa gas dan cair, Eksotermal, Konsumsi hidrogen,
heterogen,unggun tetap tekanan tinggi penghilangan panas,
katalis
Perengkahan Fasa gas-cair-padat, Eksotermal, Distribusi produk,
Katalitik heterogen, unggun konsekutif regenerasi katalis
terfluidakan kontinyu secara kontinyu
Desulfurisasi Fasa gas-cair-padat, Endotermal, Perpindahan massa,
gas bakar tipe heterogen, kolom reversibel, penghematan
basah gelembung kesetimbangan penggunaan energi
Contoh Reaktor

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