CHAPTER 4
COLLABORATIVE PRODUCT
DEVELOPMENT
SWARAJ D LEWIS
ASST PROFESSOR
SJEC
COLLABORATIVE PRODUCT
DEVELOPMENT (CPD)
“It is an initial stage of PLM, is an approach to capturing,
organizing, co-ordinating and controlling all aspects of product
development information, including functional requirements,
geometry, specifications, characteristics & manufacturing
processes in order to provide a common shared view as product
requirement are translated into a tangible product and to
create a repository of product information to be used
throughout the product cycle.”
COLLABORATIVE PRODUCT
DEVELOPMENT (CPD)
• CPD begins with building the info core in the PLM model
and the image of the product to be in the information
mirror model.
• A common view such as singularity of information,
cohesion across different views & traceability of the
product design enables CPD.
• CPD coordinates and also control the information during
development phase so that they can be use later.
ELEMENTS OF CPD
• Engineering Vaulting
• Product reuse
• Part numbering
• Smart Part
• Bill of materials
ENGINEERING VAULTING
• Vaulting: underground room as a place of storage.
• Here the product information such as geometric features are
stored and self categorized by the software.
• Features such as inner dia., outer dia.
• Software may recognize parts such as bolts, screw and
fasteners.
• Engineering Vaulting can be asset of the organization, they can
retrieve on demand and can be used to trade off for wasted
time & energy & materials.
• It is an initial step for any PLM projects.
PRODUCT REUSE
• Once engineering vaulting are made, then other uses of this
information can be made such as reuse.
• Organization wants to maximize the USE & minimize the
DUPLICATION of parts that have already been designed.
• Part duplication is major source of expenses.
• Collapsing multiple duplicate part down to single part is a
tremendous source of cost saving for organization.
• Replacing simple parts (nut, bolts) are straight forward, but
complex parts need additional attentions.
• Globalization of the design requires these practices be
captured & maintained within the product.
PART NUMBERING
• Part number is a key issue in abstracting product information
in order to simply our handling of that information.
• By assigning a part number and mapping, we simplify
information processing and communication across the
organization.
• As the complexity increases, growing scale and globalization. It
is difficult to maintain the information of products.
• Engineering has its own part no., manufacturing has its own
no. & service developer has a new set of part number.
SMART PART
• Smart part are PROTOTYPICAL forms of the building blocks
that are used to create new products.
• Eg: Fasteners, gears and housing
• Smart part are COMPLEMENTARY to reusable parts.
• Smart parts are designed to have basic geometric shapes and
characteristics. Based on this the designers can add or make
any changes to meet the requirements.
• Smart part have built in modification rules
• If bolt designed to support weight is made longer, it will also increase
it cross section to maintain same weight – length ratio.
• Smart parts saves energy, time and materials
BILL OF MATERIAL (BOM) AND PROCESS
CONSISTENCY
• A BOM is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies,
intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts and the
quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product.
• Engineering BOM is different from the manufacturing BOM,
which is different from the financial BOM .
• Engineering thinks the part is being made in certain fashion
with certain characteristic, manufacturing is actually making
the part with different characteristic and cost, financial
decides based on sales and market.
• PLM has the potential for providing a consistent & cohesive
view across these different functional areas. The end result is
all areas are working with most correct information
ENGINEERING CHANGE MANAGEMENT
• If the change requirement comes from within organization,
then they have little or no choice but to make the changes.
• As engineering changes occur, there are implications for both
purchasing & manufacturing & service as the functionality &
specification of product change.
• PLM integrated all the functional areas such that any changes
can be visible.
DIGITAL MOCK UP & PROTOTYPE
DEVELOPMENT
• It allows the product designers and engineers to gather around a
real, tangible object, walk around it and examine from any possible
perspective the design as it would take the actual shape.
• Normally clays are used for large scale models. Purpose of model is
to observe any visual and aesthetic features of design , surface
issues etc.
• These physical mock-up are time consuming and expensive. Eg:-
Rapid prototyping .
• Digital mock-up & prototype will reduce the requirement for
physical mock-up
• Math based systems can directly create physical model. Eg:-
holographic images, virtual reality room etc.
DESIGN FOR ENVIRONMENT (DFE)
• It is one parameter which make the organization responsible for the
disposal of their products.
• There are two objective of DFE:-
1. To deal with disposal and recycling in design process. i.e. how many
components are recyclable . This allows to design products with as many
recyclable parts and how they can be disposed.
2. Examine the manufacturing process for producing the product and
substitute methods, power source, chemical etc which are
environmental friendly.
• Longer the life of product. More likely to lose information related to
disposal and recycle. PLM software with its digital information
mirroring model keeps all the information for a long time.
• Colour codes are used to indicate disposal such as green for recycle,
yellow for disposal, red for hazards or toxic
VIRTUAL TESTING & VALIDATION
It is the use of computers to stimulated conditions under which
the products is tested.
The two testing currently done are
1. Wind tunnel testing.
2. Crash testing.
WIND TUNNEL TESTING
• Stimulated wind is made to pass the object. Since wind is
not visible, smoke is used as reference.
• Now the wind testing can be simulated in some software
also.
Pons kalex wind testing Pagani zonda wind testing
CRASH TESTING
• The expenses & time necessary to actually crash test a
vehicle and the equipment necessary to observe all the
characteristic are very high .
MARKETING COLLATERAL
• In order to attract the buyers, the strategy such as marketing
collateral is employed.
• This includes description of products, fact- sheets, ad- copy,
user manual, packaging art work and brochures etc.
• The benefits of PLM in marketing collateral are:-
• Costs are decreased because marketing does not have to re-create
information about the product specification & function.
• Increased accuracy of the marketing material. Since the material is
driven by product information which have singularity. Thereby
eliminating waste time, energy etc.
