Scribd
Upload
81 views15 pages

Use of Fluid Dynamics To Design Matured Combustion System

This document discusses the fluid dynamics of combustion systems for diesel engines. It presents a design algorithm that divides the fuel injected into zones to model events like break-up, evaporation, mixing, ignition and heat release. Zone properties like temperature and composition are calculated. Spray formation is explained through breakup mechanisms involving ligament stretching and droplet shedding. Nozzle design considers factors like mass flow rates, discharge coefficients and optimal hole sizing. The global design model incorporates submodels for spray development, mixing, evaporation, heat transfer, combustion and emissions formation.

Uploaded by

jijojohnson41
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
81 views15 pages

Use of Fluid Dynamics To Design Matured Combustion System

This document discusses the fluid dynamics of combustion systems for diesel engines. It presents a design algorithm that divides the fuel injected into zones to model events like break-up, evaporation, mixing, ignition and heat release. Zone properties like temperature and composition are calculated. Spray formation is explained through breakup mechanisms involving ligament stretching and droplet shedding. Nozzle design considers factors like mass flow rates, discharge coefficients and optimal hole sizing. The global design model incorporates submodels for spray development, mixing, evaporation, heat transfer, combustion and emissions formation.

Uploaded by

jijojohnson41
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Fluid Dynamics of Combustion System for Diesel

Engines

P M V Subbarao
Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department

Use of Fluid Dynamics to Design Matured


Combustion System….
Schematic of Combustion in diesel Engine
The Design Algorithm to Facilitate Fluid Dynamics

• The basic concept of the design model is as follows.


• The fuel injected into a combustion chamber is divided
into many zones.
• Events in each zone, such as droplet break-up, evaporation,
air–fuel mixing, ignition, heatrelease, heat transfer and
formation of exhaust emis are traced and calculated in
order to obtain zonal temperature and compositions.
• The mass, internal energy and mole quantity of NOx of
every zone are calculated to obtain cylinder-averaged
temperature, air–fuel ratio and NOx concentration.
Fluid Dynamics Factors
Geometric Features
Spray development
• After fuel is injected into the cylinder, spray break-up
takes place in few crankshaft angles followed by wall
impingement.
• In these stages, the movement of the fuel jet follows
different laws.
• Before break-up, the jet follows the energy conservation
law and the intial velocity of jet is as follows:
Diesel fuel injection nozzles

Sac type VCO-type


The holes in a modern injection system are very small, typically 50
– 250 μm, and they are manufactured using a complicated EDM
(Electro Discharge Machining) process.
Actuation of Injector Nozzle
Mass flow rate through Nozzle


m f  CD An 2  f p
d
m f   CD An 2  f p
360 N
Flow of Fuel through Finite Length Circular Pipe
Coefficient of Discharge

Nurick’s Number, K

p1  pv
K
p1  p2

pv is the vapor pressure of the fuel.


Optimal Design of Nozzle Hole
Why Is It Happening?
Component of Design Model

• The Global design model contains the following


submodels:
• spray development,
• Air entrainment and mixing,
• Droplet evaporation,
• Heat transfer of a zone,
• Combustion and thermodynamic calculation,
• NOx formation,
• Calculation of gas properties
• Chemical equilibrium compositions.
Spray Formation

• Spray formation is explained as Breakup Mechanism,


described as:
• Stretching of fuel ligament into sheets or streams.
• Appearance of ripples and protuberances.
• Formation of small ligaments or holes in sheets.
• Collapse of ligaments or holes in sheets.
• Further breakup due to vibration of droplets.
• Agglomeration or shedding from large drops.
• The flow parameters of a jet:
• Jet Reynolds number
• Jet weber number
• Ohnesorge number

You might also like