THANK YOU
FOR COMING
TODAY!
LET’S BEGIN NOW!
SHAHIRA FARID
IZYAN
HAZIQ
ADHWA
ADRY
GROUP 5 - EDU404
BIOGRAPHY
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
01 NAME
Abu Hamid Muhammad Al - Tusi
02 DATE OF BIRTH
1059 A.D
03 PLACE OF BIRTH
Tus (Khurasan), Northern Persia, Iran
04 DATE OF DEATH
Monday, 14th of Jamadil Akhir in 1111 A.D
He came from a poor family. His father
has high ambitions for their children to
be pious and righteous.
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
EDUCATION
1. He was educated for free because
of his family is poor. He read part
Fiqh of Imam Ahmad al-Razikani in Tus, then
moved to Jurjan to study with Imam Abu Nasr al-
Ismail. 2. After that, Al-Ghazali moved to
Nishapur and took the oppurtunity to
study diligently of Iman al Haramain Abu
Ma’ali al-Juwaini (419-478 H). He so skilled on al-
Shafi’i sect, Khilaf science, medicine, theology,
3. Al-Ghazali also captured other jurisprudence and mantiq.
diciplines such as science, wisdom
and philosophy. He has also traveled to several
places such as Mecca, Medina, Egypt and
Jurussalem to explore the science and philosophy.
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
IMPORTANCE “ According to Al-Ghazali,
OF
knowledge is important as it
can bring us closer to the
KNOWLEDGE creator (God) and also
improve our worldly status
and respect.”
CATEGORIES AND TYPES OF
EDUCATION
CATEGORIES OF EDUCATION
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
i. Prophetic iii. Philosophers/Scholars
Prophets convey the message of God Their knowledge benefits only selected
regardless of any discrimination and individuals but for benefiting masses.
help to purify the inner self.
IDEA
iv. Preachers
ii. Rules
They are meant to fulfill the religious needs
They use their authority, legislation of the society and train outer and inner
and rules to train and guide the self. There is to promote knowledge, improve
society. the life of people, and help them to acquire
desirable through education.
TYPES OF EDUCATION
1) Useful or desirable knowledge
2) Useless or undesirable knowledge
- Farz-i-Ain: (Compulsary)
This knowledge is obligatory for all and contains the Although no knowledge is useless, it is not
knowledge of Islam desirable if it can create an undesirable effect such
as if it is harms somebody like magic and gambling.
- Farz-i-Kafaya: (Optional)
This knowledge is optional and depends on the will
of the individual. It is further divided into two;
1) Worldly knowledge - Is needed to enhance
the understanding of the former since it
was a revelation.
2) Religious knowledge - It is acquired from
the Qur’an and Sunnah. It is the most
dignified knowledge and it is without
doubt.
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
AIMS OF EDUCATION
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
BASED ON BUILD A
MAKE IT
ISLAMIC CHARACTER OF
USEFUL
IDEOLOGY INDIVIDUAL
PSYCHOLOGYCAL CONCEPT
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
1. Ghazali raises the basic question whether the human
instinct is based on good or evil. He has presented his
ideas in the light of qur’an and hadith
2. According to him, good or evil are not physical and is
not instinctual. Human can be transformed by education
and training
3. Rousseau expressed similar idea in 18th century
4. Ghazali seems impressed by the Greek philosophers, Aristotle. According to
Aristotle, there are two types of creations in the world :
Perfect creation – moon and sun
Imperfect creation – seed of trees and humans
5. According to Ghazali, human being are imperfect creatures and are
similar to the seed. They have the ability and capacity to become
perfect, only the suitable conditions are required. Good character
means good deeds.
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
4 WAYS IN WHICH DEFICIENCIES CAN
BE IDENTIFIED AND REMOVE
PERFECT TEACHER FOES
CLOSE FRIENDS SELF -ANALYSIS
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
03 Wordly education is equally
important.
02 More time is spent on religious education and
wordly education is completely ignores.
01 Al-Ghazali criticizes the
curriculum of his time.
04
No places for character building
in curriculum
Curriculum should be
05
composed of obligatory and
optional knowledge.
06 Education should included
industrial, textile, agriculture,
tailoring and hair cutting in the
curriculum.
Al-Ghazali also stresses 07
the acquisition of philosophy
and logic.
CONCEPT OF KNOWLEDGE
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
3. Curriculum was not rigidly defined, but flexible
and allowed students the freedom of choosing the
subjects.
2. Based on previous knowledge
and experience of the students. 4. The elementary curriculum had a
pronounced religious character.
1. Knowledge of God, Qur’an, His
Prophets, as well as knowledge of 5. The higher curriculum was
Shari’ah. purely religious and included the
science and philosophy.
METHODS OF TEACHING AND TECHNIQUES
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
Knowledge will affecting and An early introduction to
benefiting teacher and the fundamentals of
religion.
students equally.
Teacher as a role model Proper planning.
and an example.
METHODS OF TEACHING AND TECHNIQUES
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
Abilities of students. Proficiency learning.
Complementary of Against of using
sciences. punishment in educational
institutions.
CODE OF ETHICS AS
STUDENTS
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
Ensure that they are spiritually
pure.
Respect the rights of their
teachers.
Beware, especially at the beginning
of their studies.
CODE OF ETHICS AS STUDENTS
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
Master the fundamentals of the Study each subject thoroughly
praiseworthy sciences. before going on to another.
Have as their main goal in their search for
Choose useful subjects in which
knowledge the cultivation and perfection of
to specialize.
the innermost self in this world, and
closeness to God in the hereafter.
Ihya' ‘Ulum ad-Din [The Revival of the Religious
Sciences]. Cairo, Al-Matba‘a al-Azhariya, 1898
(1316 H). 4 vols.
Al-Ma‘arif al-‘Aqliya [Rational Knowledge].
Damascus, Dar al-Fikr al-‘Arabi, 1963.
Maqasid al-Falasifa [The Aims of the
Philosophers]. Cairo, Matba‘at as-Sa‘ada, 1913
CONTRIBUTIONS
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
Iljam al-‘Awamm ‘an ‘Ilm al-Kalam [Restraining
the Masses from Theological Disputation]. Cairo,
Al-Matba‘a al-Muniriya, 1932 (1351 H).
Bidayat al-Hidaya [The Beginning of Divine
Guidance]. Cairo, Al-Halabi, 1912.
Al-Iqtisad fi-l-I‘tiqad [The Golden Mean in
Belief]. Cairo, Maktabat as-Sa‘ada, 1909.
CONTRIBUTIONS
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
IMAM AL-GHAZALI
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
• Imam Ghazali was a great Muslim educationists and presented many
fruitful theories, aims, methods, and curriculum of education.
• He emphasis personal experiences and teacher- pupils’
[Link] same views have been presented by the modern
educationists even after lapsing of one thousand years.
• Whatever he had presented in many years before is implemented
[Link] was a great educator and thinker.
• The contributions of Al-Ghazali to education, what he said before
reflected by western educators.
THE END
THANK YOU FOR WATCHING
ANY QUESTIONS?
presentationedu404 [Link]
edu404@[Link] +81 12 3456 7890
