Every Move I Make
I Rely YOU
Heart Rate
Group Members:
• Lee Yian Ping D20091034823
• Wang Chiao Ching D20091034838
• Wong Li Hun D20091034877
Scientific concept
• Average heart rates vary among mammals, depending
on body size and the overall level of metabolic activity.
• A human heart beats 72 times each minute, on
average, with each beat lasting about 0.8 second.
• The heart makes a “lub-dub” sound when it beats,
which you can hear by placing an ear against a person’s
chest or listening to the heart through a stethoscope.
• The sound is produced mostly by vibrations created
when the valves close.
• The “lub” sound occurs when the AV valves are pushed
shut by the contraction of the ventricles;
• the “dub” sound is made when the SL valves are forced
shut when the ventricles relax.
ENGAGE
Can you hear the
“lub-dub” “lub-dub”
sounds especially
after running?
What causes the
sounds??? How???
EMPOWER
Calculating the Heart Rate With a Pulse Plethysmograph
Sensor
The sensor consists of a light source
and photodetector; light is shone
through the tissues and variation in
blood volume alters the amount of
light falling on the detector. The
source and detector can be mounted
side by side to look at changes in
reflected light or on either side of a
finger or earlobe to detect changes
in transmitted light. The particular
arrangement here uses a wooden
clothes peg to hold an infra red light
emitting diode and a matched
phototransistor
EMPOWER
Experimental Procedure:
1. A pulse sensor is attached on the index finger.
2. Data logging is started by running the DiscoveryIT software.
3. Changes in blood volume in the index finger are registered on
the computer’s monitor for about 2 minutes until it is
stabilized.
4. A physical exercise like running on a spot or kneeling and
rising is performed for about 2 minutes. Sensor is kept
attaching while exercising.
5. Changes for blood flow for additional 1-2 minutes after
completing the exercise are followed by.
6. Blood volume in index finger – before exercise, during
exercise and immediately after it were compared.
EMPOWER - Results
100
5
90
4.5
80
4
70
3.5
60
3
50
2.5
40
2
30
1.5
20 1
10 0.5
0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Time(s)
EMPOWER - Results
Heart Rate Before Exercise
EMPOWER - Results
320
300
5
280
4.5
260
240
4
220
3.5
200
180
3
160
2.5
140
120 2
100
1.5
80
60 1
40
0.5
20
0 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
Time(s)
EMPOWER - Results
Heart Rate During Exercise
Heart Rate After Exercise
EMPOWER
Discussion
• From the graph, which situation has the higher
heart rate?
• Did the heart rate return to the level registered
before the exercise?
• Why the heart rates change with different
situations – before, during and after exercise?
Explain the observations.
• What is the typical healthy resting heart rate in
adults?
Answers:
Answers:
• Heart rate during exercise is higher
• Yes, but it takes some time to return to normal rate.
• Before exercise, the body is in resting stage, so heart
rate is lower. However, during exercise, it will use up
energy in the body. To meet the body’s requirement,
body will undergo cellular respiration to produce
energy. So, the breathing rate will increase and thus, the
heart rate also will rise up, may as high as 150–200
BPM during exercise. After exercise, body slowly return
to the stage same as before exercise, thus is lower too.
• A normal heart rate for a healthy adult, while resting,
ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute (BPM).
ENHANCE
How the heart rate of normal people is
differ from those heart disease infected???
WHY???
Unique features of this activity
Thank you……
