ALL SAINTS’ COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
GANDHINAGAR, BHOPAL
PRESENTED BY :
NABILA ALI & IFFAT KHAN
A Dynamic
Modular Cipher Cryptography Technique
WHAT IS
CRYPTOGRAPHY?
INTRODUCTION
Security is a broad topic and covers a multitude of sins.
it is concerned with making sure that nosy people cannot read, or worse
yet, secretly modify messages intended for other recipients.
Network Security problems can be divided into 4 areas:
i. Confidentiality ii. Authentication
iii. Non-repudiation iv. Integrity
Today’s major concept information security is to continue improve encryp
tion algorithm.
CRYPTOGRAPHY
The Art and the Science of keeping messages secure is Cryptography.
Cryptography includes techniques such as encryption/decryption, hashing,
digital signatures, timestamps etc. to ensure information security
The main goals of Cryptography are:
1. Confidentiality
2. Authentication
3. Integrity
4. Non-repudiation
In order for cryptography to serve its purposes well, secure and reliable crypt
ographic algorithms are necessary.
TERMINALOGY AND CONCEPTS
Plain text – A message in its natural format readable by an attacker.
Cipher Text – Message altered to ne unreadable by anyone except the
intended recipient.
Key - Sequences that controls the operation and behavior of
the cryptographic algorithm. Keys are rules that used in algorithm to conve
rt a documents into secret document.
CRYPTOGRAPHY
TECHNIQUE
SECRET-KEY PUBLIC-KEY
CRYPTOGRAHY CRYPTOGRAPHY
TYPES OF CRYPTOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE
EK(M)=C DK(C)=M
SYMMETRIC-KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY
MODULE CIPHER & STREAM CIPHER
Module Cipher –
• In this, plain text is divided into blocks of fixed length and algorithms are
applied to each block separately.
• 128-bit Module of plaintext as input, and output a corresponding 128-bit
Module of cipher text.
• Used for encryption in mobile phone, email, home banking, etc.
Stream Cipher –
• They encrypt individual characters of a plaintext message one at a time usi
ng an encryption transformation which varies with time.
• They are word-oriented.
EK1(M)=C DK2(C)=M
K1 K2
PUBLIC-KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY
DYNAMIC KEY
• The dynamic key is the new and advance concept in the field of cryptography.
• Once the cryptographic operation executed the key has been discarded. The
concept of dynamic key is based on OTP.
• In this either a long message is divided in too many part or there are many m
essage in both case each message is encrypted with the help of sub keys.
• Sub keys never share their complete info except few.
A DYNAMIC MODULAR
CIPHER CRYPTOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE
1. Process to determine number of blocks.
2. Dynamic Key Generation function.
3. Encryption procedure.
4. Decryption procedure.
MODULER DYNAMIC KEY GENERATION
• In this algorithm, encryption of variable size plaintext is performed using a dyn
amic key of size 164 bits.
• User input a text key ‘IK’ .Minimum size of IK is 6 bits and it can have maximu
m 14 bits.
• The dynamic key is generated using MCG (m, a, b, yo).
• MCG with parameters M, a, b and YM defines a sequence
Y1=a * yo+ b mod m
• ‘IBK’ is concatenated with the key entered by user to produce a matrix of
size 14X14.
• The function Fr involves various matrix operations such as multiplication,
shift operation, modulus etc .
• In which the random number yo is added to the final matrix to produce
the dynamic key.
MATRIX
TRANSPOSITION
TRANSPOSE (P’)
DK1 XOR
DK2 ADD
FRAGMENTARY CIPHER1
ENCRYPTION PROCEDURE : ITERATION 1
ENCRYPTION PROCEDURE : ITERATION 2
DECRYPTION PROCEDURE : ITERATION 1
DECRYPTION PROCEDRE : ITERATION 2
FUNCTION USED IN ENCRYPTION & DECRYPTION
SHIFT CIPHER FUNCTION
• The shifting function used in encryption algorithm is
Cipher Text = mod ((plaintext + 1), 26)
TRANPOSITION CIPHER FUNCTION
• In this, the units of the plaintext are rearranged in a different and usually q
uite complex order .
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
IN COMPARISION OF DYNAMIC KEY & SESSION KEY
IN COMPARISION OF TIME COMPLEXITIES
CONCLUSION
• The main merit of the algorithm is little amounting of computational tim
e that one has to spend to encrypt a message.
• This algorithm uses the concept of dynamic key & modular cipher which
gives high peed, time & security.
• More work on the key size and key sharing technique may be optimized
in future.
THANK YOU
for listening
