A Presentation

On
STRESS
What is Stress .. ?
A dynamic condition in which an individual is
confronted with an opportunity, constraint, or demand
related to what he or she desires and for which the
outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and
important.
 Definition

S = P > R
Stress occurs when the pressure is
greater than the resource
 Stress Feelings
vWorry
vTense
vTired
vFrightened
vDepressed TYPES OF STRESS
vAnxious
N e g a tive stre ss
vAnger
v
Po sitive stre ss
 Some Myths about Work Stress
vStress is same for everybody
vStress is always bad for you
vStress is everywhere, so you can’t do anything
about it
vThe most popular techniques for reducing
stress are the best one
vOnlyWork does not
major symptoms giverequire
of Stress you
attention
Stress . Feeling Bad about
work gives you Stress .
 Potential Sources of
Stress
What Causes Stress..?

Factor:-
1)Environmental Factors:
Just as environmental uncertainty
influences the design of organization structure, it also influences
stress levels among employees in that organization.
-

- Three types of Environmental factors

I. Economic- Changes in business cycle create economic
uncertainty.
II.

III.Political- Changes in political situations creates Political

uncertainty.
III.Technological- New innovations can make employees’ skills and
experience obsolete in very short time, computers, robotics,
automations, and similar forms of technological innovation are threat
to many people and cause them stress.

2) Organizational Factors:
Pressures to avoid errors for complete task
in a limited time, work over load, a demanding and insensitive
boss, and unpleasant coworkers are few examples.

- Three types of Organizational Factors:

I. Task Demands- These factors are factors related to person’s job.

They includes design of individual job (autonomy, task variety,
degree of automation), working condition, and physical work
layout.
I.
III.Role demands- These factors are related to pressures placed on
a person as a function of particular role he/she plays in the
organization. Role conflicts create expectations that may hard to
reconcile or satisfy.
IV.
V.Interpersonal demands- These are pressures created by other
employees. Lack of social support from colleagues and poor
interpersonal relationship can cause stress.

3) Personal Factors:
The typical individual works about 40-50
hours a week but the experience and problems that people
encounter in the other 120 plus non-work hour each week can
spill over to the job. Our final category, then encompasses factors
in the employees personal life. Primarily, these factors are family
issues, personal economic problems and inherent personality
charasteristics.
 Consequences of
Stress
1) Physiological Symptoms
- Most of early concern with stress was directed as physiological
symptoms.
- This stress could create changes in metabolism, incrase heart and
breathing rates, increase blood pressure, bring on headaches,
and include heart attacks.

2) Psychological symptoms
Stress can cause dissatisfaction. Job-related stress can cause
job-related dissatisfaction is the simplest & most obvious
psychological effect of stress. But stress shows other
psychological states- for instance, tension, anxiety, irritability,
Boaredom,and procrastination.
3) Behavioral Symptoms

This symptoms include changes in productivity, absense, and

turnover, as well as changes in eating habbits, increased
smoking or consumption of alcohol, rapid speech, fidgeting,
and sleep disorders.
Be
st

P
erf
or
m
an
ce W
or
st Low High
Stress
Individual
Differences
Four variables:-

Perception- It will moderate the relationship between a potential stress

condition and employee‘s reaction to it.

Job Experience- The experience on the job tends to be negatively

related to work stress.
Why…? There are two explanation, First is the idea of selective
withdrawal and Second is people eventually develop coping mechanisms
to deal with stress.

Social support- It is collegial relationships with coworkers and

supervisors-can buffer impact of the stress.

Personality- It also affects the degree to which people experience stress

and how they cope with it. Perhaps the most widely studied personality
trait in stress is Type A Personality- which manifests itself in hostility and
anger- is associated with increased level of stress and risk of heart
diseases.
 Managing Stress
§ Low level of stress for a longer time and higher
level of stress lead to reduce employees
performance.
§

§ So, there should be some level of stress that

will lead employee to improvement of their
performance.
§

§ Thus, require action by management.

§

§ Some level of stress is desirable for the

productivity of employees, not from the point
of view of employees but from the point of view
of management.
§

§ Stress is managed by two different approaches.

 1) Individual approaches
An employee can also take responsibility for reducing
the stress.
Individual strategies have proven effective include

implementing
Ø time management techniques
qStress can be reduce by managing time.
qMany people manage their time poorly.
The well organized employee can often
accomplish twice as much as poorly
organized employee.
qFew most time management principles
are
1.Making daily list of activities to be
accomplished.
Ø Physical exercise
q Physical exercise such as aerobics, walking,
jogging, and riding bicycle are helpful to
managing stress by an individual.
q This forms of exercise Increase heart capacity,
provide a mental diversion from work
pressures, and offer a means to let off steam.
Ø Relaxation techniques
q Individual can reduce their tension by
relaxation techniques such as meditation,
hypnosis, and biofeedback.
q Deep relaxation for 15-20 minutes a day
releases tension and provides a person with
a pronounced sense of peacefulness.
q Changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and
other physiological factors result from
achieving the condition of deep relaxation.
Ø Social support network
q Having family, friends, or work colleagues
 2 ) Organizational approaches
 Several of the factors that cause in stress
particularly task and role demands –are controlled
by management.
 Strategies that management might want to
consider-

§ Selection and placement
§ Training
§ Use of realistic goal setting
§ Redesigning of jobs
§ Increased employee involvement
§ Improved organizational communication
§
Selection and placement


q Management should not restrict in hiring to only

experienced individuals with an internal locus, but
such individual may adapt better to high stress job
perform those job effectively.


Training


q Training can increase an individual’s self efficiency

and thus reduces the stress.


Goal setting


q Individual perform better when they have specific

goals.
q Use of specific goals reduce stress and also provides
motivation.
Redesigning of jobs


q to give employees more responsibility, more

meaningful work, more autonomy, and increased
feedback can reduce stress because this factors
give greater control over activities and lesser
dependence on others.
q
Increasing employee involvement


q By giving employee involvement in decision

making helps in lesser the stress and also
increase job performance.


Organizational communication


q Increasing formal organizational communication

with employees reduces uncertainty lessening
role ambiguity and role conflict.
Global implications
In considering global differences in stress, there


are three questions to answer;

1)Do the causes of stress vary across
countries?
2)Do the outcomes of stress vary across
cultures?
3)Do the factors that lessen the effects of
stress vary by culture?
  First
v The causes of stress show some difference across
the cultures.
v One study of U.S and Chinese employees revealed
that U.S employees were stressed by lack of control,
where as Chinese employees were stressed by job
evaluation and lack of training.


 Second
v Stress is equally bad for employees of all cultures.


 Third
v Not all factors that reduce stress have been
compared across cultures, but whereas demand to
long hours leads to stress, this stress can be
reduced by the resource of social support such as
having friends or family to talk to.



Reality of stress in
organization
 vStress in Indian
industries
India’s rapid economic expansion has boosted
corporate profits and employee incomes, but has
also sparked a surge in workplace stress and
lifestyle diseases that few Indian companies have
addressed.

The survey said 45 per cent of Indian workers are

particularly stressed this particular pressure is
stressing out Indian employees more than workers
in any of the other countries surveyed
 ØStress in Indian IT Sector

In early 2000, there was truly a shortage of IT

professionals in India and IT companies did
every possible thing to keep employees happy.
today, every other good student aims to become
a Software Engineer.
This over supply of Engineers in the Indian
market has led to increased pressure on both
existing IT employees and those looking to get
a job.
üAccording to the National Crime Records Bureau, at
least 35 in every 100,000 people in Bangalore commit
suicide. Experts say most suicide cases in the city
are related to stress; its citizens are unable to
cope with Bangalore's quick growth.
ü
ü
üIn the one week two IT engineers, one was working
with Wipro and with HCL, committed suicide. Both the
engineers died by jumping from their office
building.
vStory of Wipro

Wipro is one of the largest IT

services company in India and
employs more than 112 , 925 people
worldwide as of June 2010 . It has
interests varying from
information technology ,
Employee profile

Vishal Yadav (29), He had a BE in electronics

and hailed from Madhya Pradesh. Since May 17,
2004, he was working with Wipro as a Business
Analyst and had gone on leave for two months.
Interestingly, he had put in his papers via
e-mail.
 On
31 st
december , 2008
At 10 . 20pm

Vishal jumped from the top floor of S-II

building of Wipro that has 12 storey. When
security supervisors heard a loud thud, they
rushed to the spot but it was in vain as doctor
declared him brought dead.
 police framed eight questions and sent
them to the human resources department of
Wipro, Police have been trying to find the
reason of the death as they could not find
any suicide note or any threat related
information

According to subordinate ’ s point of

view
The main reason behind Vishal Yadav’s
suicide is every time increasing targets of
the employee. So he has stress of the
performance. Worry about the losing job.
vStory of
TCS

TCS is the largest provider of

information technology and business
process outsourcing services in
Asia . TCS has offices in 42 countries
with more than 142 branches across the
globe .
Employee profile
Sudarshan Moothedath ,A graduate from the
famous Gotge Institute of technology in
Belgaum, 22-year-old Sudarshan Moothedath
joined TCS on August 9. Just 10 days after taking
up his new job.

Around 4.30 in the evening, Sudarshan was

spotted by his friends on the 11th floor corridor
of the office building. Apparently, he looked
disturbed and hassled. A couple of minutes
later, Sudarshan jumped off the building. He was
found lying dead in a pool of blood.
According to subordinate’s point of view

The project associates that Sudarshan was

reprimanded and threatened by the project
managers very badly just few minutes back when he
did this gruesome act.

Management is highly biased and decremented and

favor only on the basis of Region and Mother
Tongue.

One of the main reason for this suicide is that

HR is highly capable. High presser of performance
Techniques use by organization to
reduce employee ’ s stress
Example- 1
 At Healthy Scribe India Ltd.A Bangalore based medical
transcription .

ü young transcriptionists design apparel in

paper,have caricature contests
ü theme Friday’-from walking the ramp to dressing
ü For the more serious minded,there’s yoga,Carnatic
music and Bharatanatyam classes

The company even has an officially

designated Chief fun officer: B.S.Vijayasa who
organizes creative events through the year with a
monthly budget ranging between Rs.75000 to Rs.1
lakh.

Example- 2

 At Chennai’s Polaris Software Lab Ltd. overworked geeks

shrug off impending deadlines to ‘mummify’ a colleague
as Freddy Koilkaran aka Mr.Happy,of Image Equity. Asia’s
first reputation management firm, announces a humour
session.

 Five group are handed out tissue paper bundles and sell
tape to truss up an employee in each group into a
mummy. Then there’s ‘Getting Even’, where teams are
blindfolded and have to form a square using a rope
given to them. Some diversion from number crunching
programs!

Example- 3

At first Ring, another Bangalore call center,

ü‘Theme Friday’ are the range.

üEverything goes: cross-dressing, ethnic, funky
dressing. It’s global culture in full swing

Now,There are plans to add a karaoke room to

encourage singers and a punching bag for employees
to vent off dteam.Sriharsha Achar,director(human
resources), doubles up as facility’s CFO.
Example- 4

At Jadoo Works,an animation company, office jams
are part of the weekend routing.
ü Dressing inside out or in bizarre colour
combination are the new range.
ü ‘Spiderweb’,
ü calculator-game’
ü‘food train’ are other games in vogue.
ü
Ashish Kulkarni,chief operating officer(COO)
doubles
up as the CFO
 K Y O U
TH AN