Welcome to seminar on:
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTR
NETWORK
*****
Presented by:
Suresh R.
Reg:397cs06054.
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Introduction
to
Computer Networks
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NETWORKS
A network is a set of devices (often referred
to as nodes) connected by communication
links. A node can be a computer, printer, or
any other device capable of sending and/or
receiving data generated by other nodes on
the network.
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Overview
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DATA COMMUNICATIONS
Where are the data communications?
Why data communications?
Telecommunication: communication at a
distance.
Data: information presented in whatever
form is agreed upon by the parties creating
and using the data.
Data communications: the exchange of data
between two devices via some form of
transmission medium such as a wire cable.5
DATA COMMUNICATIONS
What do we need?
Hardware
Software
Four fundamental characteristics:
1. Delivery: correct destination
2. Accuracy: correct data
3. Timeliness: fast enough
4. Jitter: uneven delay
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Topics to be covered:
–Components
–Data representation
–Data flow
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Components
Figure 1.1 Five components of data communication
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Communication Tasks
Some of the key tasks that must be performed in data
communication system.
• Transmission system utilization
• Synchronization
• Error Detection & Correction
• Flow control
• Addressing
• Routing
• Recovery
• Message formatting
• Security
• Network Management
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Data Representation
Text
Email, articles, etc
Coding (Unicode, ASCII)
Numbers
Direct conversion
Images
Pixels, resolution, gray scale, RGB.
Audio
Continuous, signal conversion
Video
Movie, continuous/discrete 10
Data Flow
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Figure : Data flow (simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex)
Topics to be covered:
• Distributed Processing
• Network Criteria
• Physical Structures
• Network Models
• Categories of Networks
• Internetwork
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• Task is divided among multiple computers.
Advantages of Distributed processing
• Security/Encapsulation
• Distributed Database
• Faster problem solving
• Security through redundancy
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NETWORKS
Network criteria
1. Performance
Transit time, response time.
Throughput, delay.
2. Reliability
Failure frequency, recovery time
3. Security
Protection.
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Type of Connections
[Link] shared
[Link] shared
Figure : Types of connections: point-to-point and multipoint
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Physical topology
Figure : Categories of physical topology
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Mesh Networks
A
Partial Mesh
B C A
B C
Fully Mesh D D E
E
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Star
Figure : A star topology connecting four stations
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Bus
Figure : A bus topology connecting three stations
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Ring
Figure : A ring topology connecting six stations
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Classification of Networks by
Size and Community
A company
or home A city wide A country
network wide
network 21
Single to Multiple LANs
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Figure 1.10 An isolated LAN connecting 12 computers to a hub in a closet
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Metropolitan Area Network
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Wide Area Network
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Internetworking
• When two or more networks are connected , they
become an internetwork, or internet .
• The term internet means interconnection of
network
• While the Internet is the name of a specific
worldwide network.
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THE INTERNET
The Internet has revolutionized many aspects
of our daily lives. It has affected the way we
do business as well as the way we spend our
leisure time. The Internet is a
communication system that has brought a
wealth of information to our fingertips and
organized it for our use.
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STANDARD ORGANIZATIONS
1. ISO(International Organization of
Standardization)
2. Internet Telecommunication Union(ITU)
3. American Standard National Institute
4. Institute of Electric and Electronics
Engineers(IEEE)
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Summary
Data communications
Networks
The internet
Protocols and standards
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Conclusion:
Computer Network is
playing very major role
for communication.
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References:
• [Link]
• [Link]
• [Link]
• [Link]
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THAKING YOU!
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