FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
KEK 363
PREPARED BY:
Nor Zafrilfitrie bin Alias 2001231028
Mohd Fairul Hazlie bin Daud 2000155182
Mohd Fadzly bin Abd. Fatah 2000154911
1. INTRODUCTION
The requirement of the regulations is all fundamental to design, and the standards require that the installation is
suitable for use and to be safe from danger.
2. Requirement:
In order to design of electrical installation, we need to comply all the regulation with:
Standard
Workmanship
Protection against electric shock
Earthing
Cable size
Selection of equipment
It is now necessary to combine all of these requirement together, in order to commence design. To begin assessing the
requirement of the installation , the initial procedure can be summarized as below:
The purpose of installation
The external influence
The compatibility of its equipment
Its maintainability
From the assessment, further preliminary information could be obtained that would be important during the design
stage
MAXIMUM DEMAND
ARRANGMENT OF LIVE CONDUCTOR
TYPE OF EARTHING
NATURE OF SUPPLY
INSTALLATION CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT
Maximum demand
A detailed schedule of all current using equipment should be prepared. This schedule should give details of the
current required per phase in amps, to assist in cable sizing. All the data are given in the table in the ON SITE
GUIDE 16th EDITION and IEE WIRING REGULATION 16TH EDITION.
Arrangement of live conductor.
The schedule of equipment will provide information that will determine the number and type of live
conductors.
e.g. single phase two wire a.c. , 3 phase four wire a.c.
this information along with the maximum demand and the earthing requirement, provides the initial data
with which to approach the electricity supplier or to either determine the on site transformer or generator
size.
Earthing
The earthing arrangements for the installation both external and internal need to be understood at
the beginning of the design process. Although it not necessary to know actual size yet, where the
supply authority have maximum standards, they should be known.
Basically it is one of the type of the system, the choice of this system also affect the type of
protective devices that maybe consider.
Installation Circuit Arrangements
Knowing the type of equipment that need in the electrical installation, the circuit arrangement can be begin.
Regulation of 314-01-01 requires that every installation shall be divide into circuits as necessary to:
• avoid danger in the event of the fault
• facilitate safe operation , inspection, testing and maintenance
The Full Design Stage
From all the of the previous consideration, the next step in the design process is to go through all of the
items:
1. assessment of general characteristic:
-maximum demand
-supply detail
2. selection of protective devices
3. sizing of conductor
4. earthing requirement
5. faults level
Data for calculation
To be able to calculate the data to produce an electrical design, details of equipment to be used within the installation
have to be obtained from the manufacturers. This information is required to calculate using the regulation that set by JKR
and from the IEE On Site Guide 16th regulation. The information that to need to be calculated:
- maximum demand of distribution system and final circuit requirement as well as approximating
the required supply.
-Earthing requirements and cable size
-Conductor sizes dependent upon protective devices to be used, type of cables and method of installation
-Characteristics of the installation such as temperature and other environmental requirements
-Statutory requirements such as fire alarm, emergency lighting ,e.t.c.
Example:
To design the lighting requirement and electrical wiring system to a bungalow house taking a 3-phase 415v supply from
TNB, having following requirements:
- 4 bedroom with attached bathroom
-1 living area on the first floor
-1 living area at the ground floor
-1 kitchen
-1 covered car porch
staircase
design requirement:-
-lighting requirement
-electrical schematic wiring
layout plan indicating position of switch-socket outlets, switches, lighting luminaries, fan, cooker points, air-
condition ,e.t.c.
for each room
-1 fan point
-1 air-condition point
-13 ampere switch socket outlet
living area
- lighting point
- 13 ampere switch socket outlet
Kitchen
-lighting points
-cooker point
-13 ampere switch socket outlet
bathroom
- water heater points
- lighting points
covered car porch
-lighting point
-13 ampere switch socket outlet
solution:
For the ground floor:
n item Maximum load Diversity Estimated load
o factor
1 100W( chandelier) x 4 100W x 4 = 5.56 A 66% 3.67A
√3 x 415
2 1 x 36W fluorescent x 6 1.8 x 50W x 6 = 0.75 A 66% 0.5 A
√ 3 x 415
3 2hp air-condition x 2 2 x 2 x 746 =4.15 A 100% 4.15 A
√3 x 415
4 Water heater x 1 2000W x 1 = 2.78 A 100% 2.78 A
√3 x 415
5 13A socket x 10 2 socket in 1 circuit = 20A 100% for the For first circuit
4 additional socket = first circuit + 100% x 20A =
4 x 20A = 80A 40% for 20A
total = 100A remaining remaining circuit
circuit =
40% x 80A =
32A
total =52A
6 Cooker point x 1 10 A 10 A
7 fan x 3 3 x 1000W= 4.17 A 4.17 A
√ 3 x 415
TOTAL = 127.41A (3ø) (3)
= 77.27A (3
For the first
floor:
n Item Maximum load Diversity Estimated load
o factor
1 100W( chandelier) x 3 100W x 3 = 0.417 66% 0.28 A
√3 x 415
2 1 x 36W fluorescent x 7 50wx1.8x7 = 0.876 A 66% 0.58A
√3 x 415
3 2hp air-condition x 3 3 x 2 x 746 = 6.23 A 100% 6.23 A
√3 x 415
4 Water heater x 2 2000W x 2 = 5.56 A 100% 5.56 A
√3
√3 x 415
5 13A socket x 10 2 socket in 1 circuit = 100% for For first circuit
20A the first 100% x 20A = 20A
4 additional socket = circuit + remaining circuit =
4 x 20A = 80A 40% for 40% x 80A =32A
total = 100A remaining total =52A
circuit
6 1 kw fan x 4 1000W x 4 =5.56 A 5.56 A
√ 3 x 415
TOTAL = 118.643 A ( 3) =70.21A (3)
For the ground floor
Total load, It = 77.27 A
choose MCCB = 80 A
protective devices : BS88
type of cable : multicore pvc insulated cables non armoured
method of installation : clipped direct
Ambient temperature: 30C
Length of cable: 45 meter
Refer to table 4c2 :
Correction factor for ambient temperature, Ca =1.0
Group = 3+1
Refer to table 4b1
Correction factor for group, Cg = 0.65
Iz = In .
Ca x Cg
= 80 A .
1.0 x 0.65
= 123.08 A
refer to table 4D4A
Iz = 123.08 A 125 A
Conductor cross sectional area = 35 mm2
Refer to table 4D4B
Voltage drop (per amp per meter) = 1.10
Voltage drop = 1.10(mV/a/m) x 77.27 x 45 m
= 3.824V
allowable voltage drop = 4% x 415
= 8.7 V
For the first floor
It = 70.21 A
choose MCCB = 80 A
protective devices : BS88
type of cable : multicore pvc insulated cables non armoured
method of installation : clipped direct
Ambient temperature: 30C
Length of cable: 30 meterA
Refer to table 4c2 :
Correction factor for ambient temperature, Ca =1.0
Group = 3+1
Refer to table 4b1
Correction factor for group, Cg = 0.65
Iz = In .
Ca x Cg
= 80 A .
1.0 x 0.65
= 123.08 A
refer to table 4D4A
Iz = 123.08 A 125 A
Conductor cross sectional area = 35 mm2
Refer to table 4D4B
Voltage drop (per amp per meter) = 1.10
Voltage drop = 1.10(mV/a/m) x 70.21 x 30 m
= 2.316 V
allowable voltage drop = 4% x 415
= 8.7 V
Design Load Factor at 0.8 (i.e 20 % spare)
Estimated Electrical Loads
Types of load Estimated Load (w)
Lighting Point (incandescent Lamp) 100 W
18 W Fluorescent Lamp 25 W
36 W Fluorescent Lamp 50 W
Wall Fan point 60 W
Ceiling Fan Point 80 W
5 A s/s/o 100 W
13 A s/s/o 250 W
15 A s/s/o 500 W
Air-condition Point 2000 W
Instant Water Heater Point 2000 W
Storage Water Heater Point Rated Capacity of Heater
Circuit Breaker Interruption Capacity
Type of Board Minimum Breaking Capacity (kA)
Main Switch Board (MSB) 43 kA
Sub Switch Board (SSB) 22 kA
Final Sub Circuit (FSC)/Distribution 10 kA
Board (DB)
MCB Rating, Cable Sizing and Wiring Connection
MCB Rating (A) Cable PVC/PVC Copper Types of Loads
Conductor
6A 1.5mm2 10 nos lighting point or 10
nos of fan point
15 A 2.5 mm2 1 nos 13 A s/s/o
20 A 2.5 mm2 Up to 2 nos 13 A s/s/o
(radial circuit)
32 A 2.5 mm2 Up to 10 nos 13 A s/s/o
(ring circuit) (Floor area ≤ 100 m2)
32 A 4.0 mm2 Up to 6 nos 13 A s/s/o
(radial circuit) (radial)
20 A 4.0 mm2 1 nos 15 A s/s/o
(radial circuit)
32 A 6.0 mm2 Air-condition Point with
DOL Starter
20 A 4.0 mm2 Water heater point c/w 10
mA current operated
RCCB
20 A 4.0 mm2 1 nos 20 A s/s/o
TABLE 4B1
Correction factors for groups of more than one circuit of single core cables, or more than one multicore cable
( to be applied to the corresponding current carrying capacity for a single circuit in Tables 4D1 to4D4, 4E1 to
4E4, 4F1 and 4F2, 4J1, 4K1 to, 4L1 to 4L4 )
Correction
factor(Cg)
Referent method of installation Number of circuits or multicore
( see table 4A ) cables
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 14 16 18 20
Enclosed (Method 3 or 4) or
bunched and clipped direct to a 0.4 0.4
Non-metallic surface 0.8 0.7 0.65 0.6 0.57 0.54 0.52 0.5 8 5 0.43 0.41 0.39 0.38
Single layer clipped
to a no metallic
Touching
surface (Method 1) 0.85 0.79 0.75 0.73
0.72 0.72 0.71 0.7 - - - - - -
Spaced 0.94 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Single layer multicore on
metal cable tray, vertical
Touching 0.7 0.7
or horizontal (Method 11) 0.86 0.81 0.77 0.75 0.74 0.73 0.73 2 1 0.7 - - - -
Spaced 0.91 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.87 - - - - - - - - -
Single layer single-core
on perforate metal cable
Touching
tray (Method 1) 0.9 0.85 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Spaced 0.85 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Single layer multicore touching on 0.7
ladder supports (Method 13) 0.86 0.82 0.8 0.79 0.78 0.78 0.78 7 - - - - - -
TABLE 4B2
Correction factors for mineral insulated cables installed on perforated tray,
( to be applied to the corresponding current carrying capacity for single
circuits for reference method 11 in table 4J1A )
Number Number of multicore cables or circuit
Tray Arrangement of cables
Orientation of tray 1 2 3 4 6 9
Horizontal Multiconductor cables touching 1 1.0 0.90 0.80 0.80 0.75 0.75
Horizontal Multiconductor cables spaced ++ 1 1.0 1.00 1.00 0.95 0.90 -
Vertical Multiconductor cables touching 1 1.0 0.90 0.80 0.75 0.75 0.70
Multiconductor cables spaced ++ 1 1.0 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.85 -
Vertical
Single conductor cables trefoil 1 1.0 1.00 0.95
separated
Horizontal Single conductor cables trefoil 1 1.0 0.90 0.90
separated
Vertical
TABLE 4C2
Correction factors for ambient temperature where the overload protective device is a semi-enclosed fuse to
BS3036
Ambient temperature ( C )
Type of insulation
Operating
9
temperature 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 0 95
Rubber(flexible cables only)
60 0C 1.04 1 0.96 0.91 0.87 0.79 0.56 - - - - - - - -
General purpose pvc
70 0C 1.03 1 0.97 0.94 0.91 0.87 0.84 0.69 0.48 - - - - - -
Paper
80 0C 1.02 1 0.97 0.95 0.92 0.9 0.87 0.84 0.76 0.62 0.43 - - - -
Rubber
850C 1.02 1 0.97 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.88 0.86 0.83 0.71 0.58 0.41 - - -
Heat resisting pvc
90 0C 1.03 1 0.97 0.94 0.91 0.87 0.84 0.8 0.76 0.72 0.68 0.63 0.49 - -
Thermosetting
90 0C 1.02 1 0.98 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.89 0.87 0.85 0.79 0.69 0.56 0.39 - -
Mineral: bare and exposed
to touch or pvc covered
70 0C sheath 1.03 1 0.96 0.93 0.89 0.86 0.79 0.62 0.42 - - - - - -
0
Bare and not exposed to .
Touch 5 0.4
105 0C sheat 1.02 1 0.98 0.96 0.93 0.91 0.89 0.86 0.84 0.82 0.79 0.77 0.64 5 3
TABLE 4D4A
Multicore armoured-
insulated cables
( copper conductor)
BS 6346
Conducto Refference method (clipped direct) Refference Method 11 (on a perforated
r cross- horizontal or vertical cable tray ) or
sectional reference method 13 ( free air )
area
1 two-core cable, 1 two core-cable 1 two-core cable 1 three or four-
single-phase a.c or d.c three-phase a.c single-phase a.c or d.c core cable three-
phase a.c
mm2 (A) (A) (A) (A)
1.5 21 18 22 19
2.5 28 25 31 26
4 38 33 41 35
6 49 42 53 45
10 67 58 72 62
16 89 77 97 83
25 118 102 128 110
35 145 125 157 135
50 175 151 190 163
70 222 192 241 207
95 269 231 291 251
120 310 267 336 290
150 356 306 386 332
185 405 348 439 378
240 476 409 516 445
300 547 469 592 510
400 621 540 683 590
TABLE 4D4B
Two-core cable, Two-core cable ,single phase Three or Four cable three-
Conductor cross- d.c a.c
sectional area Phase a.c
(mm2) (mV/A/m) (mV/A/m) (mV/A/
1.5 29 29 m)
2.5 18 18 25
4 11 11 15
6 7.3 7.3 9.5
10 4.4 4.4 6.4
16 2.8 2.8 3.8
2.4
r x z r x z
25 1.75 1.75 0.170 1.75 1.50 0.145 1.50
35 1.25 1.25 0.165 1.25 1.10 0.145 1.10
50 0.93 0.93 0.165 0.94 0.80 0.140 0.81
70 0.63 0.63 0.160 0.65 0.55 1.40 0.57
95 0.46 0.47 0.155 0.50 0.41 0.135 0.43
120 0.36 0.38 0.155 0.41 0.33 0.135 0.35
150 0.29 0.30 0.155 0.34 0.26 0.130 0.29
185 0.23 0.25 0.150 0.29 0.21 0.130 0.25
240 0.185 0.190 0.150 0.24 0.165 0.130 0.21
300 01.45 0.155 0.145 0.21 0.135 0.130 0.185
400 0.4105 0.115 0.145 0.185 0.100 0.125 0.160
Voltage dropper
(ampere per metre)
GROUND FLOOR
LEGEND
WH
WATER
WH HEATER
FLOURESCEN
T LAMP
13A SWITCH
SOCKET OUTLET
KITCHEN
CEILING FAN
A
SWITCH
C
COOKER
POINT
BEDROOM 1
DINING
ROOM
Up
A
C
CAR
PORCH
LIVING ROOM
GROUND FLOOR
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
A
A
C
C
BEDROOM BEDROOM 2
3
Down
BALCONY
FAMILY
SPACE
A
C
MASTER BEDROOM
BALCONY
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
6A
R 5 n.o.s of 1 x 36w flourescent
2 n.o.s of ceiling fan
6A
Y 5 n.o.s of 1 x 36w flourescent
1 n.o.s of ceiling fan
6A
B Spare
160A TPN MCB 10A
100 mA
M R Water heater
100A TPN 20A
RCD
Y Water heater
20A
B 1 n.o.s of cooker point
20A
R D.O.L 1 n.o.s of 2hp air cond
20A
Y D.O.L 1 n.o.s of 2hp air cond
20A
2 n.o.s of 13A s/so
B
20A
2 n.o.s of 13A s/so
20A
2 n.o.s of 13A s/so
20A
2 n.o.s of 13A s/so
20A
2 n.o.s of 13A s/so
20A
spare
80A
R To D.B at first floor
6A
R 5 n.o.s of 1 x 36w flourescent
2 n.o.s of ceiling fan
6A
Y 5 n.o.s of 1 x 36w flourescent
1 n.o.s of ceiling fan
6A
B Spare
160A TPN MCB 10A
100 mA
M R Water heater
100A TPN 20A
RCD
Y Water heater
20A
20A
R D.O.L 1 n.o.s of 2hp air cond
20A
Y D.O.L 1 n.o.s of 2hp air cond
20A
2 n.o.s of 13A s/so
B
20A
2 n.o.s of 13A s/so
20A
2 n.o.s of 13A s/so
20A
2 n.o.s of 13A s/so
20A
2 n.o.s of 13A s/so
20A
spare
80A
R To D.B at first floor
