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Steel Friction Stir Welding Parameters

This document discusses parameters that affect friction stir welding of steel, including rotational speed, tilting angle, welding speed, and down force. It explains that rotational speed generates frictional heat, tilting angle affects weld appearance and thinning, welding speed influences appearance and heat control, and down force produces frictional heat and maintains contact. Tool design, material, and challenges of welding steel like high temperatures are also summarized.

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bhanu pratap
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47 views17 pages

Steel Friction Stir Welding Parameters

This document discusses parameters that affect friction stir welding of steel, including rotational speed, tilting angle, welding speed, and down force. It explains that rotational speed generates frictional heat, tilting angle affects weld appearance and thinning, welding speed influences appearance and heat control, and down force produces frictional heat and maintains contact. Tool design, material, and challenges of welding steel like high temperatures are also summarized.

Uploaded by

bhanu pratap
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Investigation Of Process

Parameters On Steel Using


Friction Stir Welding

by
bhanu pratap
M-tech ME
INTRODUCTION

.
• FSW was invented by Wayne Thomas in 1991 at THE
WELDING INSTITUTE (TWI) England.
• It is a solid state welding process.
• It is also a cleaner and more efficient process compared to
conventional technique
• Does not require any filler material.
• It is a environmental friendly joining (fabrication) process.
PROCESS
• A rotating non consumable cylindrical
shoulder tool with a profiled pin penetrates
the material and generates a frictional heat
• The heat developed soften the material
without reaching to melting point and
enabling the weld .
• Parts have to be securely clamped to prevent
the joint faces from being forced apart .
CONTINUE
• The plasticized material , transferred to
trailing edge of the tool pin, is forged through
intimate contact with the tool shoulder and
pin profile .
• On cooling a solid phase bond is created
between the work pieces to be welded .
CLAMPING ARRANGEMENT
TOOLS
• Manufactured tools before and after welding .
WELDING
• Welding performed on the manual milling machine .
WELDED WORK PIECES
PROCESS PARAMETERS

Parameters Effect
Rotational speed Frictional heat “stirring” oxide layer breaking and material

Tilting angle The appearance of weld, thinning

Welding speed Appearance , heat control

Down force Frictional heat, maintaining contact condition


TOOL ROTATION AND TRAVERSE
SPEED
 There are two tool speeds to be considered in
friction stir welding .
 first how fast the tool rotates .
 second how quickly it traverse the interface .
 These two parameters have considerable
importance and must be chosen with care to
ensure the successful and efficient welding
cycle .
TOOL TILT
• Tilting the tool by 2-4 degrees, such that the
rear of the tool is lower than the front
• That has been found to assist the forging
process .
• It affects the bead characteristics and the
appearance of weld .
DOWN FORCE/PLUNGE DEPTH
• Plunge depth is defined as the depth of the
lowest point of shoulder below the surface of
the welded plate and has been found critical
parameter for ensuring weld quality .
• The plunge depth needs to be correctly set
both to ensure the necessary downward force
is achieved and to ensure that the tool fully
penetrates the weld .
TOOL DESIGN
• The design of the tool is critical factors as a
good tool can improve both the quality of
weld and maximum possible welding speed .
• It is desirable that the tool material is
sufficiently strong, tough, and hard wearing at
the welding temperature .
CHALLENGES TO FSW OF STEEL
• FSW of steel had not been progressing as
rapidly for aluminium and other metals
because of various reasons .
• The material from which the tool is made has
to survive much more strenuous condition
because of strength of steel and high softening
temperature of steel .
CONTINUE
• The consequences of phase transformations
accompanying FSW has not been studied in
sufficient depth .
• The variety of steel available is much larger
than for any other alloy system, requiring
considerable experiments to optimize the
weld for required set of properties .
• Cost competitiveness .
THE END

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