©2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
M P Groover, Principals of Modern Manufacturing 4/e SI Version
Sand Casting Defects:
Mold Shift
A step in the cast
product at parting
line caused by
sidewise relative
displacement of
cope and drag
©2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Principals of Modern Manufacturing 4/e SI Version
Sand Casting Defects:
Penetration
When fluidity of liquid metal
is high, it may penetrate
into sand mold or core,
causing casting surface to
consist of a mixture of sand
grains and metal
©2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Principals of Modern Manufacturing 4/e SI Version
General Defects:
Misrun
A casting that has
solidified before
completely filling
mold cavity
©2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Principals of Modern Manufacturing 4/e SI Version
General Defects:
Cold Shut
Two portions of metal
flow together but there
is a lack of fusion due
to premature freezing
©2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Principals of Modern Manufacturing 4/e SI Version
General Defects:
Cold Shot
Metal splatters during
pouring and solid
globules form and
become entrapped in
casting
©2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Principals of Modern Manufacturing 4/e SI Version
General Defects:
Shrinkage Cavity
Depression in surface
or internal void caused
by solidification
shrinkage that restricts
amount of molten
metal available in last
region to freeze
©2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Principals of Modern Manufacturing 4/e SI Version
Sand Casting Defects:
Sand Blow
Balloon-shaped gas
cavity caused by
release of mold
gases during pouring
©2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Principals of Modern Manufacturing 4/e SI Version
Sand Casting Defects:
Pin Holes
Formation of many small
gas cavities at or slightly
below surface of casting
©2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Principals of Modern Manufacturing 4/e SI Version
