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All About Evidence: Dairon Caro Robert Garcia Denise Perez

This document discusses different types of evidence used in criminal cases. It outlines two main categories of evidence: testimonial evidence, which includes eyewitness testimony, and physical evidence. Important factors to consider for eyewitness testimony are identified. The document also discusses the Innocence Project and wrongful convictions due to eyewitness misidentification. Different types of physical evidence are defined, including trace evidence, transient evidence, conditional evidence, individual evidence, and class evidence. The Locard Exchange Principle regarding trace evidence is explained. Finally, there is an activity about using class evidence to narrow potential suspects in a vandalism case.

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124 views20 pages

All About Evidence: Dairon Caro Robert Garcia Denise Perez

This document discusses different types of evidence used in criminal cases. It outlines two main categories of evidence: testimonial evidence, which includes eyewitness testimony, and physical evidence. Important factors to consider for eyewitness testimony are identified. The document also discusses the Innocence Project and wrongful convictions due to eyewitness misidentification. Different types of physical evidence are defined, including trace evidence, transient evidence, conditional evidence, individual evidence, and class evidence. The Locard Exchange Principle regarding trace evidence is explained. Finally, there is an activity about using class evidence to narrow potential suspects in a vandalism case.

Uploaded by

mdonohueHGHS
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

All About Evidence

Dairon Caro
Robert Garcia
Denise Perez
Evidence
Is any item or information gathered at the
scene of a crime, or at related locations
which tends to disapprove or establish
something.

It can be divided into two general goods:


 Testimonial Evidence
 Physical Evidence
Testimonial Evidence
Statement made under oath
It’s said in court by a competent witness.
Also called direct evidence
Important factors to take in account with
eye witness
 Type of crime & how witness saw it.
 Memory (ability to remember characteristics. Ex: hair, color, sex,
age height, reliving event, if their was a presence of weapons.)
 Interviewing techniques (open ended questions)
 Relationship of witness to suspect
 How much time has passed between offense and id.
 If the witness id the defendant.
***** Most known cases of an innocent person being convicted has
happened due to a mistaken eye witness.
The Innocence Project
National Organization dedicated to
exonerating wrongfully convicted people
through DNA evidence.
Number 1 cause of wrongfully
convictions nationwide is because of eye
witness misidentification.
Jeffrey Dahmer Case
Physical Evidence
 Tangible tend to prove or disapprove a fact
 Real evidence
 Refers to any item that would be present at the crime
scene on the victims out found in a suspects possession.
 more reliable than testimonial evidence
 Can be any material or object in any shape, size, form.
Physical Evidence

Types of Physical Evidence:

 Trace Evidence
 Transient Evidence
 Conditional Evidence
 Indirect Evidence
 Individual Evidence
 Class Evidence
Trace Evidence
 refers to physical evidence that is found in small but
measurable amounts. (For example: hair, fibers, skin
cells, DNA, blood, etc.)
Transient Evidence
 temporary evidence can be easily changed or lost.
Recorded at the time by usually the first office at the
scene. (For example: odors, temperature, imprints, etc)
Conditional Evidence
 producedby a specific action or event at the scene. (For
example: lights, doors, windows, position of furniture,
etc)
Indirect Evidence
 doesnot prove or disprove a fact in question. (For
example driving under the influence)

+
Individual Evidence
 canbe related to a single source. (For example
fingerprints. Handwritings, etc)
Class Evidence
 Canbe associated with a group of items that share
properties or characteristics. (For example: blue jeans)
Physical Evidence
The Locard Principle
Locard's Exchange
Principle states that
with contact between
two items, there will
always be an
exchange. This is the
basis of trace
evidence collection at
a crime scene.

“Every contact leaves


a trace”
Probability and Class Evidence Activity
 Today in school, a
student was seen from
far vandalizing a hallway
in the 3rd building. The
person was wearing a
black shirt, khaki pants,
black shoes and had
brown hair. How can we
figure out who the
student was or how to
narrow the pool of
suspects?
Packaging Evidence
Activity
Time!!!
THE END!

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