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Soap and Detergent

The continuous process for soap manufacturing involves blending raw fats and catalyst in a hydrolyzer where steam is passed to produce fatty acids. The fatty acids are collected and further processed through evaporation, distillation, and neutralization with soda to produce soap. For detergent manufacturing, a slurry of ingredients is produced and spray dried to create a base powder, which is then further processed through post dosing to mix in additional ingredients and produce the final detergent powder.

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Sourav Sutradhar
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170 views11 pages

Soap and Detergent

The continuous process for soap manufacturing involves blending raw fats and catalyst in a hydrolyzer where steam is passed to produce fatty acids. The fatty acids are collected and further processed through evaporation, distillation, and neutralization with soda to produce soap. For detergent manufacturing, a slurry of ingredients is produced and spray dried to create a base powder, which is then further processed through post dosing to mix in additional ingredients and produce the final detergent powder.

Uploaded by

Sourav Sutradhar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Soap and Detergent

Manufacturing process of soap:


• There are two types of process:
• 1) The Batch process
• 2) The continuous process
• In Our Slide we will talk about The Continuous
process
The Continuous process:

• The raw fats and the catalyst, zinc oxide, are


blended and introduced to the bottom of the
hydrolyzer in which steam is passed for heating the
charge.
• The fatty acids are discharged from the top of the
hydrolyser, collected in a flash tank called decanter.
• From the bottom of the hydrolyser fatty acids are
passed to evaporators to crude glycerol.
• The fatty acids are led through a heat exchanger to
a high vaccum still and distilled.
• The distillate is then neutralised with Coastic Soda
to mixer neutralaizer.
• Then it is passed to a soap storage and soap
finishing continues.
• After finishing, we get soap, bar flakes etc.
• Then the bar flakes are passed to hot pressure
pump, which passes to heat exchanger.
• Then it passes to flakes tank removes steam and
goes freezer with air.
• When it is cooled, it goes to cutter which gives
shaped soap bar.
• Finally, the soap bar is stamped and wrapped
Fig: manufacturing process of
Soap by continuous process
Manufacturing process of
Detergent.
• Detergents use a synthetic surfactant in place of
the metal fatty acid salts used in soaps.
• They are made both in powder and liquid form, and
sold as laundry powders, hard surface
• cleansers, dish washing liquids, fabric conditioners
etc.
• Most detergents have soap in their
• mixture of ingredients, but it usually functions
more as a foam depressant than as a
• surfactant.
Detergent powder manufacture
• Step 1 - Slurry making
•
• The solid and liquid raw ingredients (Table 2) are dropped
into a large tank known as a
• slurry mixer.
• As the ingredients are added the mixture heats up as a
result of two exothermic reactions.
• the hydration of sodium tripolyphosphate and the reaction
between caustic soda and linear alkylbenzenesulphonic
acid.
• The mixture is then further heated to 850 degree Celcius
and stirred until it forms a homogeneous slurry.
•
• Step 2 - Spray drying
*The slurry is deaerated in a vacuum chamber and
then separated by an atomiser into finely divided
droplets.
*These are sprayed into a column of air at 425
degree Celcius.
* where they dry instantaneously, The resultant
powder is known as 'base powder', and its exact
treatment from this point on depends on the
product being made.
• Step 3 - Post dosing
• Other ingredients are now added, and the air
blown through the mixture in a fluidiser to mix
• them into a homogeneous powder.
• Typical ingredients are listed in Table 3.

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