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Different Scheme: Directional) Earth Fault Relay (Directional / Non Directional)

The document discusses different protection schemes used for power distribution and transmission lines. It describes the types of relays used for distribution feeders, transmission lines of various voltages, and high voltage transmission lines. It also provides details on the operating principles and components of distance protection, pilot wire protection, phase comparison protection, and directional overcurrent and earth fault protection.

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Saravanan Varadhan
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230 views9 pages

Different Scheme: Directional) Earth Fault Relay (Directional / Non Directional)

The document discusses different protection schemes used for power distribution and transmission lines. It describes the types of relays used for distribution feeders, transmission lines of various voltages, and high voltage transmission lines. It also provides details on the operating principles and components of distance protection, pilot wire protection, phase comparison protection, and directional overcurrent and earth fault protection.

Uploaded by

Saravanan Varadhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Different Scheme

Distribution Feeder ( 11kV & 33kV) : Over current Relay (Directional / Non
directional) Earth Fault Relay
(Directional / Non Directional)

Transmission Line (132kV) : Distance Relay –Switched Type (Main)


&
Directional O/C –E/F Relay (Back-up)

Transmission Line (220kV) : Distance Relay –Non Switched type (Main)


&
Directional O/C & E/F Relay (Back-up)

Transmission Line (400kV) : Line Differential Relay


or
Line Phase Comparison Relay
or
Line Distance Relay (Main-1)
&
Line Distance Relay (Main-2)
Directional O/C & E/F Relay

Van

Ia

MTA 45º Lead

Vbc
POLARISING VOLTAGE

Vbn
Vcn
FORWARD

REVERSE
Current Differential Protection

RELAY RELAY
CURRENT PHASORS ARE SENT FROM
EACH RELAY TO OTHER RELAY
Via Dedicated Communication Channel
Distance Protection Scheme/Feature

•IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT: REACTANCE / MHO –OFFSET

•SWITCHED / NON-SWITCHED TYPE

•UNDER-REACH / OVER-REACH

•PERMISSIVE UNDER-REACH / OVER-REACH

•TRIP ACCELARATION / TRIP BLOCK

•SWITCH-ON-TO-FAULT (SOTF)
Distance Protection Zone

ZR

Z3F
Z2
Z1
ZL

Z3R
5% Z1
Z3-100%+100%longhest L 0.6sec

Z1-80% 40ms
Z2-100%+50% shortest L 0.3ms

B C
A
Pilot Wire Protection

op

Current Bias Bias

Voltage Bias R
Bias

Op
Phase Comparison(PLCC)

Mod Coup. Eq Coup. Eq Mod

LS LS

HS [Link] [Link] HS

No Fault

Fault
Direc. O/C & E/F Protection

VOLTAGE POLARISED PHASE FAULT UNIT

I V
Direc. E/F Protection

VR
IRES
I I

VC -VR

VF
VF

VR

VRES
IRES VC

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