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Understanding the Menstrual Cycle

The menstrual cycle is controlled by hormones from the brain and endocrine system. It typically lasts 28 days and has four phases: menstruation, follicular, ovulation, and luteal. The menstrual cycle involves thickening and shedding of the uterine lining, formation and release of an egg, and preparation for potential pregnancy. Irregular cycles can be caused by weight changes, stress, or health issues and increase risks of infertility and difficulties with family planning. Proper hygiene during menstruation helps prevent infections.

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455 views10 pages

Understanding the Menstrual Cycle

The menstrual cycle is controlled by hormones from the brain and endocrine system. It typically lasts 28 days and has four phases: menstruation, follicular, ovulation, and luteal. The menstrual cycle involves thickening and shedding of the uterine lining, formation and release of an egg, and preparation for potential pregnancy. Irregular cycles can be caused by weight changes, stress, or health issues and increase risks of infertility and difficulties with family planning. Proper hygiene during menstruation helps prevent infections.

Uploaded by

intan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction to Menstrual Cycle: An introductory illustration and credits for the presentation on the menstrual cycle.
  • Understanding Menstruation: Explains what menstruation is and discusses when it begins and significant stages of a woman's reproductive cycle.
  • What is Menstruation?: Describes menstruation as the breakdown of the uterine lining and elaborates on the menstrual cycle process.
  • Control and Factors Affecting Menstrual Cycle: Discusses how the menstrual cycle is controlled and the factors influencing it, such as hormones and lifestyle.
  • Phases of the Menstrual Cycle: Illustrates the different phases of the menstrual cycle including follicular and luteal phases.
  • Importance of Personal Hygiene During Menstruation: Highlights the importance of hygiene to prevent infections during menstruation and recommendations for practices.
  • An Irregular Menstruation: Describes conditions of irregular menstruation, possible causes, and the effects on health and fertility.
  • Closing Remarks: Ends the presentation with a thanking note, concluding the discussion on menstruation.

The Menstrual Cycle

Presenters: Nurshahidah & Nur Sanjida (1S)


The Menstrual Cycle
Women will undergo menstruation when they reach
puberty. Menstruation marks the beginning of the
menstrual cycle for each woman.

Did You Know?


The menstruation of a
female will stop when she
reaches menopause which is
around 48-55 years old
What is menstruation?

Menstruation is the breakdown of the


lining of the uterine wall and discharge of
blood through the vagina. Menstrual cycle
refers to a series of changes that occurs
in the uterine wall and the ovaries.
Menstrual cycle also involves the
formation and release of mature ovum.
Menstrual cycle is controlled by the brain and
endocrine system which secretes hormone.
Normally, a menstrual cycle lasts for 28 days
and it differs for each individual. There are
various factors that affect the menstrual cycle
such as nutrient intake, abrupt change in body
weight, emotional changes and mental pressure.
The Menstrual Cycle

The follicular phase=Repair


phase
The luteal phase=Premenstrual
phase
The Phases in The Menstrual Cycle
The Phases in The Menstrual Cycle (Explanation)
Day 1-5 (Menstruation/Menstrual phase)

The uterine lining breaks down as menstruation begins & is discharged together with blood, unfertilised ovum & mucus.

Day 6-11 (Repair/Follicular phase)

Uterine lining starts to rebuild & [Link] vessels in uterine lining are formed & ready to receive the implantation
of fertilised ovum.

Day 12-17 (Fertile/Ovulation phase)

An ovum is released from the ovary on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle (ovulation).The uterine lining continues to
[Link] is likely to occur if sperms are present.

Day 18-28 (Premenstrual/Luteal phase)

The uterine lining continues to thicken and becomes richly supplied with blood [Link] of an embryo is ready
if fertilisation [Link] menstrual cycle will repeat if fertilisation does not occur.
Importance of Personal Hygiene During Menstruation
Personal hygiene during menstruation is very important to ensure the reproductive system is not
infected with microorganisms like bacteria,virus and fungi.

Ways of practising good personal hygiene during menstruation & their importance:

[Link] menstruation,change sanitary 2.A menstruating woman is encouraged to


pad 3-4 times a day to prevent the bathe frequently to clean her body.
infection of bacteria and virus that might
cause urinary tract infection (UTI).
An Irregular Menstruation
Refers to a condition where a woman does not experience menstruation every month, has too long or
too short menstrual cycles.

Several factors: an increase in body weight,hormonal imbalance,emotional disruption,excessive exercise &


cervical tumour.

Negative effects:

1. Infertility-irregular menstrual cycle:early sign of having reproductive system problems.a late


treatment can cause serious health problems:ovarian cancer,cervircal cancer & uterus cancer.

2. Having difficulties in family planning-irregular menstrual cycle causes a woman to have difficulties
in determining her fertile [Link],it is hard to plan a pregnancy.

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