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Understanding Gas Metering Basics

The document discusses gas metering, including why gas should be measured, how volume is measured, and some basic concepts about gas. Specifically: 1) Gas needs to be measured for billing customers equally, reconciling the system, and minimizing losses. 2) Volume can be measured continuously by determining the rate of flow over a time period, or in batches by filling a container. 3) Basic concepts reviewed include how pressure, temperature, and flow affect gas, and how absolute pressure is independent of height.

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182 views11 pages

Understanding Gas Metering Basics

The document discusses gas metering, including why gas should be measured, how volume is measured, and some basic concepts about gas. Specifically: 1) Gas needs to be measured for billing customers equally, reconciling the system, and minimizing losses. 2) Volume can be measured continuously by determining the rate of flow over a time period, or in batches by filling a container. 3) Basic concepts reviewed include how pressure, temperature, and flow affect gas, and how absolute pressure is independent of height.

Uploaded by

brian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Presentation on Gas Metering
  • Importance of Measuring Gas
  • Volume Measurement
  • Volume / Flow Units
  • Basic Concepts Review
  • Measurement of Gas

Presentation on

Gas Metering
By SNGPL-Metering Department
Why should the gas be measured?

To know the volume of gas being consumed by each


consumer for the purpose of billing (revenue collection)
Standardize the measurement for each customer,
everybody should be treated equally
For the reconciliation of the system
To minimize the measurement losses
Volume Measurement

Measurement can be done by filling a known container


and passing it to the consumer
The above method is not continuous, it can only provide
volume of a known quantity in batches
For the continuous measurement, rate of flow is
determined by time period in which the volume has
passed
Volume / Flow Units

The volume is measured in the following units


Gas cubic feet (ft3), cubic meters (m3), MCF, MMCF

The flow is measured in the following units


Gas cubic feet/hr (ft3/hr), cubic meters/hr (m3/hr), MMCFD
REVIEW OF SOME BASIC CONCEPTS
Pressure of Gas
Pressure is the force exerted by the gas molecules on the
container in which the gas is present

Container

Gas Molecules
Temperature of Gas
When the temperature of the gas present in the container rises the gas
molecules absorb the heat energy which results in increase in the motion
of the molecules (kinetic energy), hence more molecules will strike the
walls of the contained meaning that the pressure on the walls will
increase
Flow of Gas
Gas flows when a there is a difference of pressure between
two points, the gas flows from a point of higher pressure to
the point of low pressure
The rate of flow will depend upon the difference of pressures
between the points
REVIEW OF SOME BASIC CONCEPTS

PRESSURE: Force per unit Area, P = F / A (Units: lb-force/inch2 )


ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE: (PSIA) Ponds per square inch
absolute. It is measured by a barometer and considered to be
14.73 psia at sea level. As we go higher the value of atmospheric
pressure decreases. For instance atmospheric pressure at Karachi
14.73 psia , Lahore 14.4

GAUGE PRESSURE: Gauges are used to measure pressure in the


gas system. They measure pressure above atmospheric pressure.
So that absolute pressure = Atmospheric pressure + Gauge
pressure.

QUESTION: Will absolute pressure be independent of height?


It may be remembered that absolute pressure is independent of height
effect.

The pressure gauge in Karachi measuring zero psig which is equal to 14.73
psia will measure gauge pressure of -0.33 psig at Lahore. This error will be
adjusted by adding 0.33 psi to bring gauge reading to zero.
So that Absolute pressure = 14.4 + 0.33 = 14.73

100 psig 114.7 psia

75 psig 89.7 psia

50 psig 64.7 psia

25 psig 39.7 psia

14.7 psia
Vacuum { Zero Absolute Pressure
MEASUREMENT OF GAS
Gas is a compressible fluid
Volume of gas keeps changing with changing Pressure & Temperature
Define Standard cu-ft of gas.

SNGPL defines one cu-ft as a volume of gas which occupies 1 cuft3 space at a
pressure of 14.65 psia and 60F called base condition.

1 cuft

cuft

L/2
After application of Pressure
on the plunger

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