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Rapid Sand Filter Design Calculation

The document provides two examples of designing slow sand and rapid sand water filters. In the first example, a slow sand filter is designed to treat water for 1000 people with two filter cells. The total bed area is calculated to be 153 square meters, resulting in a hydraulic loading rate of 0.26 cubic meters per square meter per hour. In the second example, a rapid sand filter is designed to treat 20,000 cubic meters of water per day, allowing for 2% backwashing. The filter is calculated to require two beds each with an area of 43.4 square meters and dimensions of 7.51 meters by 5.78 meters.

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297 views3 pages

Rapid Sand Filter Design Calculation

The document provides two examples of designing slow sand and rapid sand water filters. In the first example, a slow sand filter is designed to treat water for 1000 people with two filter cells. The total bed area is calculated to be 153 square meters, resulting in a hydraulic loading rate of 0.26 cubic meters per square meter per hour. In the second example, a rapid sand filter is designed to treat 20,000 cubic meters of water per day, allowing for 2% backwashing. The filter is calculated to require two beds each with an area of 43.4 square meters and dimensions of 7.51 meters by 5.78 meters.

Uploaded by

Shepherd Nhanga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

DESIGN EXAMPLE 1

A slow sand filter to treat raw water for 1000 people is designed to have two filter cells so that when
one cell is out of operation all flow will pass through the cell in service. The design per capita water
use is taken to be 946 l/cap. day, which is the peak day demand. The total bed area for the two filter
boxes is 153 m2. Calculate the hydraulic loading rate.

Solution:

Peak daily consumption = per capita daily consumption x number of people


= 0.946 m3/cap. day x 1000
= 946 m3/day
= 946/24 m3/h
= 39.4 m3/h.

Hydraulic loading rate = peak daily consumption/ total bed area


= Q/A
= (39.4 m3/h) / (153 m2)
= 0.26 m3/m2.h

Range: 0.04 0.40 m3/m2.h OK


DESIGN EXAMPLE 2
Design a rapid sand filter to treat an inflow of 20000 m3/d allowing 2 % filtered water for backwashing,
for a duration of 30 minutes. Assume a rate of filtration of 10 m3/m2.h over two filters. The length:
width ratio of filters is 1.3. The depth of the sand media = 1.00 m.

Solution:

Parameters

Q = 20000 m3/d
Q_bw = 2 %
Q_tbw = 0.5 h
HLR = 10 m3/m2.h
L:B ratio = 1.3
h = 1.0 m

Total filtered water = (20000 m3/d x 1.02)/ (24 0.5)h/d


= 868 m3/h
DESIGN EXAMPLE 2
Solution:

From, HLR = Q/A


Area of filter = Q/HLR
= (868 m3/h) / (10 m3/m2.h)
= 86.8 m2

Each bed area = 86.8/2 = 43.4 m2

Since L:B ratio = 1.3;


Area = 1.3B x B
43.4 = 1.3 B2
B = 5.78 m
L = 7.51 m

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