Scribd
Upload
18 views20 pages

Terapi Oksigen dan Manajemen Jalan Napas

1. Supplemental oxygen therapy and airway management are important for critically ill patients. The main causes of cell death are hypoxia, trauma, infection, immunological reactions, genetic disorders, and nutritional disorders. 2. Supplemental oxygen can be delivered through various devices like nasal cannula, simple face mask, and non-rebreathing mask to maintain adequate oxygen saturation. Intubation with an endotracheal tube is the definitive method for securing the airway. 3. Airway patency must be maintained through manual maneuvers or basic airway adjuncts like oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways. Endotracheal intubation, laryngeal mask airway, or Com

Uploaded by

pini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
18 views20 pages

Terapi Oksigen dan Manajemen Jalan Napas

1. Supplemental oxygen therapy and airway management are important for critically ill patients. The main causes of cell death are hypoxia, trauma, infection, immunological reactions, genetic disorders, and nutritional disorders. 2. Supplemental oxygen can be delivered through various devices like nasal cannula, simple face mask, and non-rebreathing mask to maintain adequate oxygen saturation. Intubation with an endotracheal tube is the definitive method for securing the airway. 3. Airway patency must be maintained through manual maneuvers or basic airway adjuncts like oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways. Endotracheal intubation, laryngeal mask airway, or Com

Uploaded by

pini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

terapi oksigen

dan
tata laksana jalan napas
PASIEN KRITIS

ACLS
Penyebab Kematian Sel
1. Hipoksia
2. Trauma
3. Infeksi
4. Reaksi imunologis
5. Gangguan genetika
6. Gangguan nutrisi
Terapi (suplementasi) Oksigen
DO2 = CO x O2 content

ventilasi, difusi, perfusi

PAO2 PaO2 PatO2

Fi O2 >>>
Alat Suplementasi Oksigen (dasar)

ACLS
DEVICE FLOW RATE DELIVERY O2
Nasal canula 1 L/min 21% - 24%
2 L/min 25% - 28%
3 L/min 29% - 32%
4 L/min 33% - 36%
5 L/min 37% - 40%
6 L/min 41% - 44%
Simple oxygen face mask 6-10 L/min 35% - 60%
Face mask w/ O2 reservoir 6 L/min 60%
(nonrebreathing mask) 7 L/min 70%
8 L/min 80%
9 L/min 90%
10-15 L/min 95% - 100%
Ventury mask 4-8 L/min 24% - 35%
10-12 L/min 40% - 50%
Pemantauan Suplementasi Oksigen
Pulse oximetry
Interpretation Intervention
reading

O2 4 l/min nasal canule


95% - 100% Desired range

Face mask
90% - <95% Mild-moderate hypoxia

Face mask w/ O2 reservoir


85% - <90% Moderate-severe hypoxia
assisted ventilation
Severe to life-threatening
<85% hypoxia
Assisted ventilation
Pembukaan Jalan Napas
Head tilt chin lift

Jalan napas pasien


tdk sadar sering
tersumbat
Jaw thrust
Pemeliharaan Jalan Napas
Manual Tripple airway manouvre

Oropharyngeal airway
Bantuan alat (OPA)
sederhana
Nasopharyngeal airway
(NPA)

Laryngeal mask
Bantuan alat
airway
lanjutan Combitube

Intubasi dg ETT
Oropharyngeal Airway

Indikasi :
Napas spontan
Tidak ada reflek
muntah

Ingat komplikasi !!
oropharyngeal airway

Komplikasi
Obstruksi total jalan nafas
Laringospasme
Muntah
oropharyngal airway insertion
Nasopharyngeal Airway

Indikasi :
Napas spontan
Ada reflek muntah
Kesulitan dg OPA

Ingat komplikasi &


kontraindikasi !!
Bantuan Ventilasi Dasar
Tatalaksana Jalan Napas Lanjut

Intubasi Endotrakea Tube (ETT)


definitif
Laryngeal Mask Airway
alternatif
Combitube
Intubasi Endotrakea
Henti jantung,
Indikasi Patensi airway tdk bisa dipertahankan,
Ventilasi non invasif tdk adekuat

Kontra TIDAK ADA


indikasi Kecuali penolakan

Menjaga patensi & keamanan jalan napas


Kegunaan Membantu pemberian Fi O2 tinggi
Jalur memasukkan obat resusitasi

Trauma
Komplikasi Intubasi esofagus
Intubasi endotrakea
Refleks vagal
Teknik Intubasi ETT

ACLS
Ventilasi dengan ETT
Tidak perlu sinkronisasi
dengan kompresi

ventilasi diberikan hanya


sampai dada terangkat,
selama 1 menit

8 10 bpm saat RJP

10 12 bpm, tanpa henti jantung


Laryngeal Mask Airway & Combitube
Penyedotan Jalan Napas
Jalan napas dibersihkan
(disedot/suctioning)
berkala
Daya hisap 80 s/d
120 mmHg
Waktu penyedotan
maksimal 10 detik
Kateter lunak vs keras
Selalu pantau
hemodinamik saat
penyedotan

You might also like