Explaining Stroke 101
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2011 National Stroke Association
May Is National Stroke
Awareness Month
National Stroke Association encourages everyone
to spread awareness about stroke in May about
how to:
ADVOCATE Influence public policy and
legislature on stroke survivor issues.
EDUCATE Spread the word about stroke
awareness.
PARTICIPATE Get involved and make a
difference in the world of stroke.
2011 National Stroke Association
Be Stroke Smart
ReduceStroke risk
RecognizeStroke symptoms
RespondAt the first sign of stroke,
CALL 911 IMMEDIATELY
2011 National Stroke Association
Stroke Facts
Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in the
United States
795,000 people in the U.S. suffer strokes each year
133,000 deaths in the U.S. each year
From 1998 to 2008, the stroke death rate fell
approximately 35 percent and number of deaths fell
by 19 percent
7,000,000 stroke survivors
2011 National Stroke Association
Stroke Facts
A leading cause of adult disability
Up to 80 percent of all strokes are preventable
through risk factor management
On average, someone suffers a stroke every
40 seconds in the United States
2011 National Stroke Association
Women & Stroke
Stroke kills more than twice as many American
women every year as breast cancer
More women than men die from stroke and risk is
higher for women due to higher life expectancy
Women suffer greater disability after stroke then
men
Women ages 45 to 54 are experiencing a stroke
surge, mainly due to increased risk factors and
lack of prevention knowledge
2011 National Stroke Association
African Americans &
Stroke
Incidence is nearly double that of Caucasians
African Americans suffer more extensive
physical impairments
Twice as likely to die from stroke than
Caucasians
High incidence of risk factors for stroke
Includes hypertension, diabetes, obesity,
smoking and sickle cell anemia
2011 National Stroke Association
Hispanics & Stroke
Higher incidence among Mexican Americans
than Caucasians
Mexican Americans are at increased risk for all
types of stroke and TIA at younger ages than
Caucasians
Spanish-speaking Hispanics are less likely to
know stroke symptoms than English-speaking
Hispanics, African Americans and Caucasians
2011 National Stroke Association
Well-known Stroke
Survivors
President Gerald Ford Mary Kay Ash
Teddy Bruschi Charles Schultz
Sharon Stone Harry Caray
Della Reese Charles Dickens
Kirk Douglas Ed Koch
Roy Horn Ted Williams
of Siegfried & Roy
2011 National Stroke Association
Definition of Stroke
Sudden brain damage
Lack of blood flow to the brain caused by a
clot or rupture of a blood vessel
Ischemic = Clot
(makes up approximately
87 percent of all strokes)
Hemorrhagic = Bleed
Thrombotic
- Bleeding around brain
- Bleeding into brain
2011 National Stroke Association
Stroke Symptoms
Sudden and severe
headache Sudden confusion
Trouble speaking
Trouble seeing
in one or both eyes Sudden numbness
or weakness of
Sudden dizziness face, arm or leg
Trouble walking
If you observe any of these symptoms,
CALL 9-1-1 IMMEDIATELY
Every minute matters!
2011 National Stroke Association
Stroke Strikes FAST
You Should, Too. Call 9-1-1
F = FACE: Ask the person to smile.
A = ARM: Ask the person to raise both arms.
S = SPEECH: Ask the person to speak a
simple sentence.
T = TIME: If you observe any of these signs,
call 9-1-1 immediately
2011 National Stroke Association
Transient Ischemic Attack
(TIA)
Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a warning sign
of a future stroke up to 40 percent of TIA
patients will have a future stroke
Symptoms of TIAs are the same as stroke
TIA symptoms can resolve within minutes or
hours
It is important to seek immediate medical
attention if you suspect that you are having or
have had a TIA
2011 National Stroke Association
Perceptions of Stroke
Reality :
Myth Stroke: Up to 80 percent of
strokes are preventable
Is not preventable
Stroke requires
Cannot be treated emergency treatment
Only strikes the elderly Anyone can have a
stroke
Happens in the heart
Stroke is a Brain Attack
Recovery ends after 6
months Stroke recovery can last
a lifetime
2011 National Stroke Association
The Cost of Stroke
The estimated direct and indirect cost of
stroke is 73.7 billion in 2010
The mean lifetime cost of ischemic stroke
is about $140,048 in the U.S.
2011 National Stroke Association
How Do You Prevent
Stroke?
National Stroke Association
recommends that you follow
these guidelines to help people
reduce their risk for stroke.
2011 National Stroke Association
Stroke Prevention
Guidelines
1. Know your blood pressure. Have it checked
at least annually. If it is elevated, work with
your healthcare professional to control it.
2. Find out if you have atrial fibrillation (Afib)
a type of irregular heartbeat. If you have it,
work with your healthcare professional to
manage it.
3. If you smoke, stop.
2011 National Stroke Association
Stroke Prevention
Guidelines
4. If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation.
5. Know your cholesterol number. If it is high,
work with your doctor to control it.
6. If you are diabetic, follow your doctors
recommendations carefully to control your
diabetes.
2011 National Stroke Association
Stroke Prevention
Guidelines
7. Include exercise in your daily routine
8. Enjoy a lower sodium (salt) and lower fat diet
9. If you have circulation problems, work with your
healthcare professional to improve your
circulation.
10. If you experience any stroke symptoms,
call 9-1-1 immediately. Every minute matters!
2011 National Stroke Association
Stroke Awareness
National Stroke Association
recommends that you learn stroke
symptoms and how to respond
by calling 9-1-1.
2011 National Stroke Association
People Dont Respond to
Symptoms
Dont recognize symptoms
Denial
Think nothing can be done
Worry about cost
Think symptoms will go away
Fear or dont trust hospitals
2011 National Stroke Association
Acute Stroke Treatments
Ischemic stroke (brain clot)
Clot busting medication: tPA (tissue
plasminogen activator)
Clot-removing devices: Merci Retriever,
Penumbra
Hemorrhagic stroke (brain bleed)
Clipping
Coiling
2011 National Stroke Association
Stroke Recovery
10 percent of stroke survivors recover almost
completely
25 percent recover with minor impairments
40 percent experience moderate to severe
impairments requiring special care
10 percent require care within either a skilled-care
or other long-term care facility
15 percent die shortly after the stroke
2011 National Stroke Association
Types of Stroke
Rehabilitation
Physical therapy (PT)
Walking, range of movement
Occupational therapy (OT)
Taking care of ones self
Speech language therapy
Communication skills, swallowing, cognition
Recreational therapy
Cooking, gardening
2011 National Stroke Association
Lifestyle Changes for
Survivors and Caregivers
Daily living skills
Behavior
Dressing and
grooming Depression & Anger
Diet, nutrition and Emotional Liability
eating difficulties
One-sided Neglect
Skin care problems
Memory Loss
Pain
Communication
Sexuality/Intimacy Problems
2011 National Stroke Association
Types of Recovery
Services
Rehabilitation unit in the hospital
In-patient rehabilitation facility
Home-bound therapy
Home with outpatient therapy
Long-term care facility
Community-based programs
2011 National Stroke Association
National Stroke
Association
What we do
Aim to reduce the incidence and impact of
stroke
Advocate for prevention and public education
Provide professional education and training
Provide recovery resources for stroke
survivors and caregivers
2011 National Stroke Association
National Stroke
Association
1-800-STROKES (787-6537)
www.stroke.org
2011 National Stroke Association
