4.

3 POWER TRANSMISSION
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 Power Transmission
Power transmitted by a circular shaft, P - depends upon the magnitude of the
torque and the speed of rotation, . Power is the rate at which work is done.

P=T
where, P is power (watt)
T is torque (Nm)
is angular speed (rad/s)
The angular speed is often expressed as the frequency, f, of rotation, i.e. the
number of revolutions per second. This means that
=2f
where f is measured in Hetz (Hz) = s-1;

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 Design of Transmission Shaft
Determine torque applied to shaft at
specified power and speed,
P T 2fT
P P
T
2f
Designer must select shaft
material and cross-section to Find shaft cross-section which will not
meet performance specifications exceed the maximum allowable
without exceeding allowable shearing stress,
shearing stress. max
Tc
J
J 3 T
P 2fT c solid shafts
c 2 max
N
2
60
T J

4 4
c2 2c2

c2 c1 T
max
hollow shafts
3
Power Transmission
 Example 4.7
A solid steel shaft AB shown below is used to transmit 3750 W
from the motor M to which it is attached. If the shaft rotates at
= 175 rpm and the steel has an allowable shear stress of
allow = 100MPa, determine the required diameter of the shaft to the
nearest mm.

4
Power Transmission
 5
Power Transmission
 Example 4.8
A 1.6-m long tubular steel shaft (G = 77 GPa) of 42 mm outer
diameter d1 and 30 mm inner diameter d2 is to transmit 120
kW between a turbine and a generator. Knowing that the
allowable shearing stress is 65 MPa, determine the minimum
frequency at which the shaft may rotate.

125
6
 Example 4.9
One of two hollow drive shafts of an ocean liner is 38 m long,
and its outer and inner diameters are 400 mm and 200 mm
respectively. The shaft is made of a steel for which (all) =
60 MPa and G = 77 GPa. Knowing that the maximum speed
of rotation of the shaft is 2.75 Hz, determine;

(a) the maximum power that can be transmitted by the

(b) the corresponding angle of twist of the shaft.

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8
4.5 STATICALLY
INDETERMINATE
PROBLEMS
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Statically Indeterminate Shaft
Given the shaft dimensions and the applied
torque, we would like to find the torque reactions
at A and B.
From a free-body analysis of the shaft,

which is not sufficient to find the end torques.

Substitute into the original equilibrium equation,

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4.5 Statically Indeterminate Prob.
 Example 4.10
The solid steel shaft shown below has a diameter of 20 mm. If it
is subjected to the two torque, determine the reactions at the
fixed supports A and B.

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4.5 Statically Indeterminate Prob.
 13
4.5 Statically Indeterminate Prob.
14
 Example 4.11
SOLUTION:
Apply a static equilibrium analysis on
the two shafts to find a relationship
between TCD and T0 .
Apply a kinematic analysis to relate
the angular rotations of the gears.
Find the maximum allowable torque
Two solid steel shafts are connected on each shaft choose the smallest.
by gears. Knowing that for each Find the corresponding angle of twist
shaft G = 77 GPa and that the for each shaft and the net angular
allowable shearing stress is 55 MPa, rotation of end A.
determine (a) the largest torque T0
that may be applied to the end of
shaft AB, (b) the corresponding angle
through which end A of shaft AB 15
rotates. 4.5 Statically Indeterminate Prob.
 SOLUTION

Apply a static equilibrium analysis on Apply a kinematic analysis to relate

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4.5 Statically Indeterminate Prob.
 Find the T0 for the maximum Find the corresponding angle of twist for each
allowable torque on each shaft shaft and the net angular rotation of end A.
choose the smallest.

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4.5 Statically Indeterminate Prob.
 Tutorial
1. The steel shaft is made from two segments : AC has a
diameter of 10mm, and CB has a diameter of 20mm. If it is fixed
at its ends A and B and subjected to a torque of 500Nm, determine
the maximum shear stress in the shaft. Gsteel= 80 GPa.

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2 The steel shaft has a diameter 0f 40 mm and is fixed
at its ends A and B. If it is subjected to the couple,
determine the maximum shear stress in regions AC
and CB of the shaft. Gsteel= 80 GPa.

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3. A steel tube having an outer diameter of 50mm is used to
transmit 25 kW when turning at 2700 rev/min. Determine the
inner diameter d of the tube to the nearest 0.1 mm if the
allowable shear stress is allow = 70MPa

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4. A stepped shaft of solid circular cross section as
shown in Figure is held against rotation at the ends.If
the allowable stress in shear is 85 MPa, what is the
allowable torque T allow that may be applied to the
shaft at C.

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5. A circular shaft ABC is driven by a motor at A, which
delivers 300 kW at a rotational speed of 3.2 Hz. The gears at B
and C take out 120 and 180 kW, respectively. The lengths of
the two parts of the shaft are LAB = 1.5 m and LBC = 0.9 m
respectively. Calculate the required diameter of the shaft if the
allowable shear stress is 50 MPa, the allowable angle of twist
in the shaft between points A and C is 0.02 rad, and
G = 75 GPa.

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6. How much power P(kW) may be transmitted by a
solid circular shaft of diameter 80 mm turning at 0.75
Hz if the shear stress is not to exceed 40 MPa?

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 QUIZ 1
The gears attached to the fixed-end steel shaft are subjected to the torques
shown below. If the shear modulus of elasticity is 80 GPa and the shaft has a
diameter of 12mm, determine the displacement of the tooth on gear A and C (if
the radius is similar with gear A). The shaft turns freely within the bearing at B.

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Quiz 2

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