COMPUTER
PROGRAMMING
Subject Code : BCT 1113
Lecture 01
Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan
Zakaria
Unit 1 Problem Solving
Syllabus
Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan
Zakaria
Objecti
ves
3
Understand the basics of
2 computing
Understand Characteristics of
1 computer
Understand functional parts of computers
Computer
Comes from the word compute
Compute means to calculate
So Computer is calculating device
Perform calculations at enormous speed
Computer is device that operates upon Data or
Information
e.g. preparing results, calculations, transactions,
scientific work etc
Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan 4
Zakaria
Computer
Computer can input Data
Computer can process Data
Computer can store Data
Computer can retrieve Data
Finally
Computer can be termed as Data Processor
Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan 5
Zakaria
Characteristics of Computer
Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan
Zakaria
Characteristics of Computer
1. Speed
2. Accuracy
3. Diligence
4. Versatility
5. Power of remembering
6. No I.Q
7. No Feelings
Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan
Zakaria
...Characteristics of Computer...
Speed...
Fast device
Work done as anormous speed as compare
to human beings
Speed of Computer is meaured in term
microseconds,nanoseconds,and ever
picoseconds
Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan
Zakaria
...Characteristics of Computer...
Accuracy...
Work with the higgest
Accuracy
Accuracy depends upon the
"Design of Computer"
Human Errors are like wrong
command, inaccurate data
input etc
Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan
Zakaria
...Characteristics of Computer...
Diligence...
Free from "monotony"
Free from "Tiredness"
Free from Lack of
"Consentration"
Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan
Zakaria
...Characteristics of Computer...
Versatility...
Can perform all kind of job
simultaneously
Can do diverse nature of
works like
calculations,graphics
work,searching etc at the
same time
Prepared By Mr. Muhamad Rostan
Zakaria
...Characteristics of Computer...
Power of Remembering...
Unlike human being Computer can store huge amount of data
Doesn't differentiate "Important" & "Not Important"
Loss or Deletion of data is done by User
...Characteristics of Computer...
No IQ...
Not a thinking machine
Not Intelligent
Never does a task as it own
Follow human Instuctions
...Characteristics of Computer...
No Feeling...
Follow Human Instructions
Never decides at its own will
No taste
No emotions
No knowledge
Memory Unit
Register
Output
Input Unit
Unit
Control
ALU
Unit
Fig. Block Diagram of Computer System
Input Unit
Computers need to receive data and instruction in order to
solve any problem.
Accept the data and instructions from the outside world.
Convert it to a form that the computer can understand.
Supply the converted data to the computer system for further
processing.
Keyboard is the one of the most commonly used input device.
Example:
mouse, Scanner, Light Pen, Joystick, Touch Screen etc.
Storage Unit.
The storage unit of the computer holds data and
instructions that are entered through the input unit, before
they are processed.
It stores the intermediate and final results before these
are sent to the output devices.
It also saves the data for the later use.
The various storage devices of a computer system are
divided into two categories.
Storage Unit.
1. Primary Storage:
Stores and provides very fast.
The primary memory is temporary in nature. The data is
lost, when the computer is switched off.
Ex.RAM.
2. Secondary Storage:
Secondary storage is used like an archive.
It stores several programs, documents, data bases etc.
Some of the commonly used secondary memory
devices are Hard disk, CD, etc.,
Output Unit
The output unit of a computer provides the information and
results of a computation to outside world.
Ex. Printers, Visual Display Unit (VDU) are the commonly
used output devices.
Other commonly used output devices are Monitor,
Speaker, Plotter.
Central Processing Unit
The control unit and ALU of the computer are together
known as the Central Processing Unit (CPU).
The CPU is like brain performs the following functions:
It performs all calculations.
It takes all decisions.
It controls all units of the computer.
CPU can be divided in to
following
Arithmetic Logical Unit:
The Arithmetic unit can perform basic arithmetic
operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division, etc
And Logical unit can perform basic operations viz, >, <, =,
etc..
Continue..
Control Unit:
It controls all other units in the computer.
It fetches the instruction from memory which is to be Executed
It instructs the input unit, where to store the data after receiving
it from the user.
It controls the flow of data and instructions from the storage unit
to ALU.
It also controls the flow of results from the ALU to the storage
unit.
The control unit is generally referred as the central nervous
system of the computer that control and synchronizes its
working.
Question Bank
1.Differentiate data & information.
2.Explain the Characteristics of computer.
3.Define computer.
4.Define i) Software ii) Program iii) ALU
iv) Compiler v) Hardware
1.Explain the working of computer.
2.Explain organization of computers.
