Refresment ECG
Electrocardiography
TOMMY J. WOWOR, S. Kep, Ns
EKG: rekaman aktivitas listrik jantung pada
permukaan tubuh
EKG: MEMOTRET JANTUNG DARI SISI FRONTAL DAN
HORIZONTAL
Sandapan Dada Kanan
AVR
IRAMA SINUS
III
+
II
+
AVF
P Wave
GELOMBANG P
Gambaran yang ditimbulkan oleh depolarisasi atrium
Normal
Tinggi
Lebar
Selalu
Selalu
: < 0,3 mvolt
: < 0,12 detik
positif di L II
negatif di aVR
Kepentingan
Mengetahui kelainan di Atrium
Gelombang P Mitral
Gelombang P Pulmonal
P Pulmonale
P Mitral
PR
Interval
Interval PR
Diukur dari permulaan P s/d permulaan QRS
Normal : 0,12 - 0,20 detik
QRS Complex
GELOMBANG QRS
Gambaran yang ditimbulkan oleh depolarisasi ventrikel
Normal :
Lebar
: 0,06 - 0,12 detik
Tinggi : Tergantung lead
Normal gelombang Q
Lebar
: < 0,04 detik
Dalam : < 1/3 tinggi R
ST Segment
T Wave
Anatomi Koroner dan EKG 12 sandapan
Sandapan V1 dan V2 menghadap septal area ventrikel kiri
Sandapan V3 dan V4 menghadap dinding anterior ventrikel kiri
Sandapan V5 dan V6 ( ditambah I dan avL ) menghadap
dinding lateral ventrikel kiri
Sandapan II, III dan avF menghadap dinding inferior ventrikel kiri
V1
V4
anterior
Mid LAD occlusion
after the first septal
perforator ( arrow )
ECG :
Anterior MI
Occlusion of diagonal
branch ( arrow )
ST elevation in I and aVL
ECG, large Anterior Infarction
Proximal large RCA occlusion
ST elevation in leads II, III, aVF, V5, and V6
with precordial ST depression
Small inferior distal RCA occlusion
ECG changes in leads II, III, and aVF
AXIS
Right Axis Deviation
Left Axis Deviation
LAD
RAD
Normal Sinus Rhythm
Rhythm : Regular
Rate : 60 100
P wave : Normal in configuration; precede each QRS
PR
: Normal ( 0. 12 0.20 seconds )
QRS : Normal ( less than 0.12 seconds )
irst-degree AV block
hythm : Regular
ate : Usually normal
wave : Sinus P wave present; one P wave to each QR
R
: Prolonged ( greater than 0.20 seconds )
RS : Normal
Second -degree AV block, Mobitz I
Rhythm : Irregular
Rate : Usually slow but can be normal
P wave : Sinus P wave present;
some not followed by QRS
complexes
PR
: Progressively lengthens
QRS
: Normal
Second-degree AV block, Mobitz II
Rhythm : Regular usually;
can be irreguler if conduction ratios
vary
Rate : Usually slow
P wave : Two, three, or four P waves before
each QRS
PR
: PR interval of beat with QRS is
constant;
PR interval may be normal or
prolonged
QRS : Normal if block in His bundle;
wide if block involves bundle branches
Mobitz II
Third-degree AV block
Rhythm : Regular
Rate
: 40 60 if block in His bundle;
30 40 if block involves bundle branches
P wave : Sinus P wave present; bear no relationship to
QRS;
can be found hidden in QRS complexes and T
waves
PR : Varies greatly
QRS
: Normal if block in His bundle;
wide if block involves bundle branches
Atrioventricular dissociation secondary to TAVB
Mobitz I
0.04
Right Bundle Branch Block
Left Bundle Branch
Block
Wolff-Parkinson-White
syndrome
Wolff-Parkinson-White
syndrome
Sistem Konduksi Jantung
ECTOPIC
FOCUS
Premature Atrial Contraction
(Atrial Ekstrasistole)
Premature Atrial Contraction
Premature Junctional Contraction
(Atrial Ekstrasistole)
Premature Junctional Contraction
Premature Ventricle Contraction
(Ventricle Ekstrasistole)
Premature Ventricular Contraction
(Ventricular Extrasystole)
Klasifikasi Takikardia
Dengan QRS sempit
Reguler
Ireguler
Dengan QRS lebar
Reguler
Ireguler
KETAHUI KLASIFIKASI
acalah EKG berikut dengan lengkap;
Irama
Frekwensi
Aksis
: sinus / tidak sinus
: kali / menit
: normal / LAD ( bergeser ke kiri ) /
RAD ( bergeser ke kanan ) / Superior
Gelombang P : normal / LAE ( P mitral ) / RAE ( P Pulmonal )
Interval PR
: normal / memendek / memanjang
Lebar QRS
: normal / melebar
Morfologi QRS : normal / LVH / RVH / RBBB / LBBB / WPW
Segmen ST
: normal / depresi / elevasi ( ukuran dan letak )
Gelombang T : normal / negatif ( letak )
esan
