Math 2200
Getting Started
Chapter GS, Slide 1
Learning Objectives
In this course you learn:
That the volume of data that exists in the world makes learning
about statistics critically important
That statistics is a way of thinking that can help you make better
decisions
How the DCOVA framework for applying statistics can help you
solve problems
What analytics is and how these techniques represent an
opportunity for you
How to make best use of this book
How to prepare for using Microsoft Excel or Minitab with this book
Chapter GS, Slide 2
In Todays World You Cannot
Escape From Data
In todays digital world ever increasing amounts
of data are gathered, stored, reported on, and
available for further study.
You hear the word data everywhere.
Data are facts about the world and are
constantly reported as numbers by an ever
increasing number of sources.
Chapter GS, Slide 3
Each Person Faces A Choice Of How To
Deal With This Explosion Of Data
They can ignore it and hope for the best.
They can count on other peoples summaries of
data and hope they are correct.
They can develop their own capability and
insight into data by learning about statistics and
its application to your area.
Chapter GS, Slide 4
Statistics Is Evolving So Organizations Can
Use The Vast Amount Of Data Available
The emerging field of Analytics makes extensive
use of:
Data
Statistical and quantitative analysis
Explanatory & predictive models
Fact based management
to drive decisions and actions.
Chapter GS, Slide 5
To Properly Apply Statistics You Should Follow A
Framework To Minimize Possible Errors
In this course, we will use DCOVA
Define the data you want to study in order to
solve a problem or meet an objective
Collect the data from appropriate sources
Organize the data collected by developing
tables
Visualize the data by developing charts
Analyze the data collected to reach
conclusions and present results
Chapter GS, Slide 6
Using The DCOVA Framework
Helps You To Apply Statistics To:
Summarize & visualize data
Reach conclusions from those data
Make reliable forecasts about organizational
activities
Improve organizational processes
Chapter GS, Slide 7
Definition Of Some Terms
DCOVA
VARIABLE
A characteristic of an item or individual.
DATA
The set of individual values associated with a variable.
STATISTICS
The methods that help transform data into useful
information for decision makers.
Chapter GS, Slide 8
Are These Numbers Useful In
Making Decisions
A survey of 1,179 adults 18 and over reported
that 54% thought that 15 seconds was an
acceptable online ad length before seeing free
content.
A survey of more than 3,000 full-time traditionalage students found that the students spent 51%
of their time on socializing, recreation, and other
activities; 9% of their time attending class/lab;
and 7% of their time studying.
Chapter GS, Slide 9
Without Statistics You Cant
Determine if the numbers in these studies are
useful information
Validate claims of causality
See patterns that large amounts of data
sometimes reveal
Chapter GS, Slide 10
Are These Numbers Useful
Making
A In
survey
taken in a largeDecisions
statistics class at Penn State University
contained the question "What's the fastest you have ever driven a
car? ______mph." The data provided by the 87 males and 102 females
who responded are listed here.
Males 110 109 90 140 105 150 120 110 110 90 115 95 145 140 110 105 85 95 100 115 124 95 100
125 140 85 120 115 105 125 102 85 120 110 120 115 94 125 80 85 140 120 92 130 125 110
90 110 110 95 95 110 105 80 100 110 130 105 105 120 90 100 105 100 120 100 100 80 100
120 105 60 125 120 100 115 95 110 101 80 112 120 110 115 125 55 90
Females 80 75 83 80 100 100 90 75 95 85 90 85 90 90 120 85 100 120 75 85 80 70 85 110 85
75 105 95 75 70 90 70 82 85 100 90 75 90 110 80 80 110 110 95 75 130 95 110 110 80 90
105 90 110 75 100 90 110 85 90 80 80 85 50 80 100 80 80 80 95 100 90 100 95 80 80 50
88 90 90 85 70 90 30 85 85 87 85 90 85 75 90 102 80 100 95 110 80 95 90 80 90
From these numbers, can you tell which gender tends to have driven
faster, and by how much? Notice how difficult it is to make sense of
the data when you are simply presented with a list.
Chapter GS, Slide 11
Two Different Branches Of
Statistics Are Used In Everywhere
Statistics
The branch of mathematics that transforms data into
useful information for decision makers.
Descriptive Statistics
Inferential Statistics
Collecting, summarizing,
presenting and analyzing data
Using data collected from a
small group to draw conclusions
about a larger group
Chapter GS, Slide 12
Statistics: An Important Part of
Your Overall Education
You need analytical skills for the increasingly datadriven environments.
Studies show an increase in productivity,
innovation, and competitiveness for organizations
that embrace analytics.
To quote Hal Varian, the chief economist at Google
Inc., the sexy job in the next 10 years will be
statisticians. And Im not kidding.
Chapter GS, Slide 13
Typical student perception of the
introductory statistics course
Its a math course
Ill never use anything from this course in my
other courses and after I graduate
This is a required course that somehow, some
way, I will have to get through and complete
Chapter GS, Slide 14
Combatting Misperceptions
Show relevance of statistics by providing
examples drawn from the functional areas you
study
Emphasize interpretation of statistical results
over mathematical computation
Give plenty of practice in learning how to apply
statistics
Illustrate how to use statistical software to assist
decision making
Link course content to current trends
Chapter GS, Slide 15
Relevance of Statistics
Just as computers are used in courses beyond
the computer course, statistics is used in
courses beyond the statistics course
Each statistics topic will be presented in an
applied context related to a functional area
A topics focus will be on its
Emphasis on interpretation of results
Chapter GS, Slide 16
Interpretation of statistical results over
mathematical computation
This Introductory statistics course recognizes
the growing need to interpret statistical results
that computerized processes create.
This makes the interpretation of results more
important than knowing how to execute the
tedious hand calculations required to produce
them
Interpretation includes the evaluation of the
assumptions and a discussion of what should be
done if the assumptions are violated
Chapter GS, Slide 17
Practice, practice, practice
100s of practice questions (with solutions) are
provided
You will practice working problems in small
groups in class
You will be encouraged to look beyond the
statistical analysis of data to the interpretation
of results in a managerial context
Chapter GS, Slide 18
Statistical software to
assist
decision
making
Statistical software will be demonstrated
Computers in the real world typically contain
programs with statistical functions
Integrating statistical software into all aspects of
an introductory statistics course allows the
course to focus on interpretation of results
instead of computations
Chapter GS, Slide 19
Software and Statistics
Software will be used only to demonstrate statistical
methods.
This course relies on these software packages:
Basic Microsoft Excel statistical functions
Minitab -- a dedicated statistical analysis package.
@ http://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/minitab/
Either a statistical calculator, Excel or Minitab can
be used to learn and practice the statistical
methods in this course.
Chapter GS, Slide 20
How To Use This Book
The scenarios at the beginning and end of each
chapter provide
Realistic situations that the chapters topics can help
address
Context which is an important part of the learning process
Throughout each chapter you will find Excel and
Minitab solutions to problems.
Numerous case studies are provided so you can
Apply what you have learned
Enhance your analytical & communication skills
Chapter GS, Slide 21
Book Companion Site
http://bcs.whfreeman.com/bps6e/#t_719417____
Vocabulary flashcards
Online quizzes
Data sets
Statistical Applets
Tables and Formulas
Statistical Profiles
Errata boo-boos
Chapter GS, Slide 22
Basic Computing Skills You Need To
Use
Chapter
Software
Guides
Basic Skill
Specifics
Identification of
application window
objects
Title bar, minimize/resize/close
buttons, scroll bars, formula bar,
workbook area, cell pointer,
shortcut menu. For Excel only,
pane and these Ribbon parts: tab,
group, gallery, and launcher button
Knowledge of mouse
operations
Click (also called select), check and
clear, double-click, right-click,
drag/drag-and-drop
Identification of dialog
box objects
Command button, list box, drop-down
list, edit box, option button, check box
Chapter GS, Slide 23
Summary
We have seen:
That the volume of data that exists in the world makes learning
about statistics critically important
That statistics is a way of thinking that can help you make
better decisions
What analytics is and how these techniques represent an
opportunity for you
How the DCOVA framework for applying statistics can help you
solve problems
How to make best use of this book & its supplements
How to prepare for using software with this book
Chapter GS, Slide 24
