To Give an introduction to
Transocean and our operations in Ghana
Introduce Managed Pressure Drilling
Explain Conventional drilling
Explain Managed Pressure Drilling
Advantages of MPD
MPD Equipment and Rig Considerations
MPD risks and control measures
MPD Rewards
History / Future of MPD
Close with Questions and Discussion
3
MPD
Definition
An adaptive drilling process used to precisely
control the annular pressure profile
throughout the wellbore
International
Association of
Drilling
Contractors
11
Conventional
Surface Eq.
To
Driv
p
e
Shaker
Mud
Pump
Mud Pit
12
Conventional Drilling
Drilling fluid pumped down
string Returns back up
annulus to surface
Drilling fluid provides a barrier against
formation pressure
Blow
Out
Prevent
or
Formati
on
Pressure
To Prevent influx to the wellbore:
Bottom Hole Pressure must be greater than
Formation Pressure
BHP = Phyd + Pcirc
BHP Pf
13
Drilling Window
Theoretical Well Profile with
straight lines
We
ll
Dept
h
Pore
Pressure
Fracture
Pressu
Drilli
re
ng
Windo
w
Pressu
re
Less than
Pore
Pressure =
Influx to
Greater
Wellborethan
Fracture
Pressure
= Breakdown
of formation
ie Fluid
losses
14
While drilling:
Connections
Top Drive,
Rotates and
circulates fluid
through drill
BHP = Phyd + Pcirc
Drill pipes
racked
When stopping circulation for Connections:
BHP = Phyd + Pcirc
Connectio
n
stringstring
We
ll
Dept
h
Fracture
Pressu
re
Bottom
Hole Pore Pressure
Top of drill string
Pressure
Pressu
re
15
Real life well diagram
We
ll
Dept
h
Pore
Pressure
Pressu
re
Fractu
rePressu
re
Narrow
Drilling
Window
Cannot
afford to
loose the
Circulation,
pressure
willfrom
take
an influx
Cannot
increase
mud
break
density,
will
down
formati
on
16
Real life well diagram
Fau
lt
We
ll
Dept
h
Shal
e
San
d
Narro
Drilling
w
Window
This
Well is
Un
Drillable!
Pore
Pressure
Pressu
re
Fracture
Pressu
re
Narrow
Drilling
Window
Cannot
afford to
loose the
pressure
from
Circulation,
will take
Cannot
increase
an influx
mud
break
density,
will
down
formati
on
17
MPD
Can make Previously Un-drillable
wells, Drillable.
Two main reasons:
Constant Circulation
through connections
Pressurised fluid system, back pressure applied
at surface to act through entire system
Constant and Controlled Bottom Hole
Pressure throughout entire
section.
18
Advantages of MPD
Surface Back
Pressure
Drilling with
MPD
Fluid Density
+ Friction
+ back
pressure
We
ll
Dept
h
Static
weight:
Fluid
density
Pressu
re
Drill through
Narrow
Drilling
NoWindows
loss in
Bottom Hole
Pressure
connecti
during
ons
Increased
visibility of
unfavourable
well
conditions
Greater
control of
down bottom
hole pressure19
To
p
MPD
Surface
Eq.
Driv
e
Constant
circulation
Mud Gas
separator
Shaker
3 Part
Telescopic
Joint
Mud Pit
Mud
Pump
RCD
(Rotating Circulating
Device)
Surface
Flow
Spool
Annular
Top of
Marine Riser
Choke
manifold
20
MPD
Equipmen
t
Circulating Subs
Addition to Drill floor
mud manifold
Side entry subs on top
of each drill pipe
stand
Drilling fluid routed
through Side inlet
hose during
connections
Next
of
stand
Drill
pipe
Che
ck
Valv
es
Side
inlet
hos
e
21
MPD Equipment
Rotating circulating device; RCD
Positioned in Marine riser string
near surface
Sealing elements are tight
against drillpipe
Seali
ng
elements
drillpi
seal
around
pe
Beari
ng
rotates
drillpi
with
pe
Elements housed in bearing
which rotates with drillpipe
System is pressurized
below
RCD
Preven
ts
returns
fluid
passing
up the
22
MPD Equipment
Flow Spool, Surface Annular
Flow spool directs returning fluid from annulus
through flexible flow lines
RCD
Surfa
ce
annul
ar
Flow
Spool
Flow
lines
Surface annular in place in case of emergency where
Top
of
Marin
e
annulus pressure may exceed RCD pressure rating.
Annular can be closed to work on RCD while
maintaining pressurised system
23
MPD Equipment
Downstre
Choke
ManifoldCoriol
am fluid
flow
All returns fluid passes
through Choke Manifold
is
mete
r
Hydraulic chokes are where
surface back pressure
is
applied
Coriolis Mass flow meter
Flowli
ne
hose
s
All fluid downstream of
Choke Manifold is
atmospheric pressure
24
Mud Gas Separator, cuttings cleaning
MG
MPD
Equipment
S
If gas is detected in returns fluid,
it is routed through MGS
Gas is vented up to highest
point on rig at tip of derrick
Fluid continues to Shakers
where solids are removed
Everything thereafter is the
same as conventional drilling
25
MPD Equipment
Control and Display system
Flow
In
Flow
Out
Back
Pressu
re
Chok
e
positio
n
26
MPD equipment in moonpool
Rig Considerations
Non MPD moonpool
Choke
Manifold
Telescopic
Joint RCD
Surface
TAnnular
op of Marine
27
Flow
Riser Spool
Rig Considerations
Each rig is unique with different designs and equipment
MPD compatibility is a large scale engineering project
28
Non standard
operation
Rig
Considerations
MPD rig up in moonpool
We introduce new
Operating procedures,
Testing regimes,
Maintenance plans and
Rig up procedures
New to our crews, training
and familiarisation is
essential.
Training helps ensure a
safe and efficient
operation
29
Risks of
MPD &
Controls in
place
No Static flow check
Example Signature tests and trends observed
Downhole problems may
be masked by Constant
Circulation and
Surface
Pressure
Controls:
Signature testing
provides expected
trends
Close monitoring of
trends carried out by
MPD operator
30
Risks of
MPD &
Controls in Surface Back
Pressure
Loss of back pressure
place
Fluid Density
or circulation
Drilling with
MPD
+ Friction
Well will + back
go
underbalance
Influx may be taken
pressure
We
ll
Controls:
Dept
Redundancy
h of
circulating equipment
Two chokes in choke
manifold
Static weight: Fluid density
Pressu
re
Risks of
MPD &
Controls in
Plugging of surface equipment
Controls:
place
Built in redundancy
Flushing points
18
Marin
e
6
Flowlin
es
4
Choke
Manifol
d
6 lines
back to
shakers
32
This is
to
Scale
!!
Rewards of MPDEarly Kick Detection
People
Asse
ts
Environm
ent
33
MPD History
PMC
D
CBH
P
Rig Name
Rig Type
Location
Customer
Year
Application
Status
Trident 8
Jack Up
Cabinda
Gulf
2003
PMCD
Completed
Sedco 601
Semi Sub
Indonesia
Santos
2004
PMCD w/ Surface BOP
Completed
Sedco 601
Semi Sub
Indonesia
Santos
2005 - 2006
PMCD w/ Risercap
Completed
Roger W. Mowell
Jack Up
Malaysia
Talisman
2006 - 2007
CBHP
Completed
Constellation II
Jack Up
Egypt
BP
2007
CBHP, HPHT
Completed
High Island VII
Jack Up
Gabon
Total
2007
CBHP, HPHT
Completed
Deepwater Frontier
DP Drillship
India
Reliance
2007
CBHP, Concentric Riser
Completed
Actinia
Semi Sub
India
Reliance
2008
CBHP, Concentric Riser
Completed
Arctic III
Semi Sub
Libya
ENI
ECD, HPHT, Reconfigurable Riser
Completed
Harvey H. Ward
Jack Up
Malaysia
Talisman
2009
CBHP
Completed
Shelf Explorer
Jack Up
Malaysia
Talisman
2009
CBHP
Completed
Trident IX
Jack Up
Indonesia
Pearl
2010
UBD (Low Head Drilling)
Completed
Sedco 601
Semi Sub
Malaysia
Petronas
2010
CBHP
Completed
GSF Explorer
DP Drillship
Indonesia
MSEC
2010 - 2011
CBHP, PMCD, Riser Degassing
Ongoing
GSF Rig 135
Semi Sub
Nigeria
Addax
2011 - 2012
CBHP, HPHT
Completed
Actinia
Semi Sub
Malaysia
Petronas
2011 - 2012
PMCD w/Risercap
Completed
Marianas
Semi Sub
Ghana
ENI
2012
CBHP, HP
Completed
HH Ward
Jack Up
Indonesia
Pertamina
2012
PMCD
Ongoing
Pressurized Mud Cap
Drilling Constant Bottom
Hole Pressure
2008 - 2009
HPHT High Pressure and High
Temperature UBD
Under Balanced
Drilling
34
MPD Future / CAPM
Constant Annular Pressure Management
CAPM is a Transocean product
Dual Gradient Drilling- Higher density down hole, lighter fluid in marine riser
Closed circulating system for enhanced kick detection
Bending the
Curve in
Deepwater 35
