Masaklaw na Panukat ng
Loob (MaPa ng Loob)
Introduction
The
Masaklaw na Panukat ng Loob (MaPa ng Loob) is
a 188-item personality inventory that measures
twenty-eight trait constructs. Twenty of these
constructs are aces of the five broad traits, or
domains, that make up the well-know Five-Factor
Model of personality traits with four facets for each
of the domains. In addition, there are two
interstitial scales, or scales that measure constructs
that incorporate aspects from two domains.
Five-Factor Model of Personality Traits
Neuroticism
Extraversion
Openness
to Experience
Agreeableness
Conscientiousness
Neuroticism
Neuroticism (N) has traditionally referred to the tendency to frequently and
readily experience negative emotions such as fear and sadness. They may
share with those low in Agreeableness the tendency to feel anger and
resentment with little provocation.
Extraversion
Extraverts possess traits that give the impression of a great interest in the
social world around them. They are characteristically at ease when
conversing with others, are high in energy, and positive in mood. They
also often enjoy undertaking enterprises and ventures that promise some
form of reward, be this of a social nature, or one that procures pleasure
of a more sensate kind.
Openness to Experience
A domain concerned with reactions to and attitudes about complexity and
novelty. High scorers have a tendency to seek out experiences that stimulate
and absorb them intellectually and emotionally. This is often manifested by
an active exploration of areas of human activity (e.g. arts, literature,
science, philosophical discourse, and religion, in both their high and popular
forms).
Agreeableness
It describes a dimension of personality marked by empathy, altruism, and
concern for others. Agreeable individuals are unpretentious, amiable,
helpful, considerate, and forgiving. Their value for social harmony,
complemented with an optimistic view of human nature, makes them
trusting, tolerant, and easy to get a long with.
Conscientiousness
The highly conscientious individual has a develop ability to restrain impulses,
delay gratification, and direct energy in order to attain desired ends. Such a
person is used to foregoing comfort and exerting effort in order to honor
commitments and achieve personal or group goals. The ability to focus and
sustain attention results in the tendency to be planful in ones acitivities, and
generally careful and cautious.
Facet scales of the Mapa ng Loob
NEUROTICISM
Hina ng Loob(Vulnerability to Stress)
Pagkamaramdamin(Oversensitiveness)
Pagkamapag-alala(Apprehensiveness)
Pagkasumpungin(Moodiness)
EXTRAVERSION
Pagkamasayahin(Cheerfulness)
Pagkapalakaibigan(Friendliness)
Pagkamasigla(Energy)
Pagkamadaldal(Loquaciousness)
OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE
Kakaibang Pag-iisip(Original Thinking)
Hilig sa Bagong Kaalaman(Intelectual Curiosity)
Pagkamasining(Aesthetic Sensitivity)
Pagkamaharaya (Imaginativeness)
AGREEABLENESS
Pagkadimayabang(Modesty)
Pagkamapagtiwala(Capacity for Trust)
Pagkamaunawain( Capacity for Understanding)
Pagkamapagparaya (Obligingness)
CONSCIENTIOUSNESS
Pagkamasikap(Goal-striving)
Pagkamapaglano(Planfulness)
Pagkaresponsable(Responsibility)
Pagkamaingat(Carefulness)
Interstitial constructs and Social Desirability
Dalas Makaramdam ng Galit (Proneness to Experience Anger) is interstitial
between Neuroticism and Agreeableness.
Pagkamatapat (Sincerity) interstitial between agreeableness and
conscientiousness.
Social Desirability
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAPA NG LOOB
The Mapa ng Loob was developed over a two and a half year period,
encompassing five consecutive semesters, and necessitating six item testing
studies.
It began as a project in a graduate class in Personality Scale Construction
taught by the first author at the national state university, who also headed
the team that saw the project to completion.
The inventory was initially meant to be based on the Panukat ng Pagkataong
Pilipino. There are some PPP scales were considered to be a good markers of
the five factors.
A fifteen-scale inventory with three facets per domain, was initially planned,
with a fourth facet added later to each of the domains.
There are some facets are change and replaced in order to obtain a clear
five-factor structure.
Reliability
The internal consistency reliability estimates for the base scales (the
facet scales that make up the five domain scales) range from .61 to .
81. The value for twelve of the twenty facet scales (60%) is at least .
70, usually considered to be the minimum for individual use for
personality scales.
Retest reliability. Retest reliability estimates from introductory
psychology UP Diliman students, retested after six to eight weeks, are
available for the base and domain scales (N=210). Nine of the twenty
base scales have values of .70 or higher, seven have values from .65
to .69, while four have values below .65 (.57-.64).
ADMINISTRATION
The Mapa ng Loob is a self-administered in both pen-and-paper and online
formats. The instructions for taking the test, indicated in the first part of
both forms, are easy to understand even for high school students and adults
with less than college-level education, and in both formats, the test may be
administered individually or in groups.
It is suggested that test administrators first familiarize themselves with the
items so that they can assure test takers that they may ask the
administrator(s) for clarification of words and expressions they find unclear.
It is also suggested that participants be informed of the length of the test
(188 items), so that they are psychologically prepared not to finish in just a
few minutes.
It will also probably help to reassure participants of two impressions gleaned
from experience with MaPa administration since its completion in 2013, to
wit,
1) that most test-takers find the experience of answering the test interesting
2) that it takes most participants only about half an hour to complete the test.
SCORING
Pen and paper version. The pen and paper version of the test is scored by
placing the scoring acetate over the answer sheet and noting, for each items,
the item score of the five response choices.
The item scores differ across items depending whether the items are keyed in
the positive or in the negative direction. Items left blank are given a score of
3, as are items for which there are two response markings on either side of
the neutral item response, for example, HH (Hinding-hindi) and O (Oo).
It is suggested that if the number of blank items exceeds 30, the Mapa ng
Loob test should be invalidated.
A facet scale is scored by adding up the item scores row-wise, and nothing
the total in the box on the right margin of the answer sheet (note that the
twelve items the Social Desirability Scale occupy one and half rows). The
facet scale totals are also noted in the appropriate boxes at the bottom of
the answer sheet, so that domain scores can be computed by adding up the
facet scores that make up a domain.
The score on the rating scale for a facet was the rating on the facet , eg.
Hina ng Loob.
Domain rating score= rating on facet 1 + rating on facet 2 + rating on facet 3
+ rating on facet 4
Example:
Rating score on Neuroticism = rating on Hina ng Loob + rating on
pagkamaramdamin + rating on Pagkamapag-alala + rating on
Pagkamasumpungin.
Online version. Scoring for the online version is done automatically. The Score
Report Form, containing the raw scores, the percentile ranks, and the normreferenced qualitative level for each test-taker, is sent to the email ad
indicated.
INTERPRETATION
Pen-and-paper version. To interpret the scores for the pen-and-paper version,
the scale scores are copied from the Answer Sheet onto the Score Report
Form. The tables in the appendices are then consulted for the percentile rank
equivalent for each scale raw score. The percentile ranks may then be
plotted on the graph on the right side of the form, for ease in noting which
scores lie within the bottom 7%, the next 23%, the middle 40%, the usually
associated with these groups, and in the Mapa online form, these are labeled
Low, Low to Average, Average, Average to High, and High. However, it should
be clear that these labels, just like the percentile ranks, are relative to the
norm group to which the individuals scores are being compared (that is,
college or adult).
Online version. Interpretation is automatic.
THANK YOU!
