REPEATED-MEASURE
DESIGN
REPEATED-MEASURES DESIGN
Experimental treatment conditions
A
P1
P1
P1
P2
P2
P2
P3
P3
P3
P4
P4
P4
Pn
Pn
Pn
Note: All the research participants are in all conditions, n =
total number of participants in the study.
REPEATED-MEASURES DESIGN
A repeated-measures design is a design in
which all research participants receive all
experimental treatment conditions.
All the participants are repeatedly measured
(i.e., under each experimental condition).
This design feature is in direct contrast to the
other designs in which the different experiment
conditions are administered to different
research participant.
WITHIN-SUBJECTS INDEPENDENT
VARIABLE
An
independent variable of
participants receive all levels.
which
all
BETWEEN- SUBJECTS INDEPENDENT
VARIABLE
An
independent variable of which each
participant receives only one level.
The next strong experimental research design
is the REPEATED-MEASURES DESIGN. Here
is a picture of it in its basic form with
counterbalancing:
REPEATED-MEASURES DESIGN
A repeated-measures design is a design in
which all research participants receive all
experimental treatment conditions.
For example, if you were investigating the
effect of type of instruction on learning
mathematics and you used two types of
instruction (lecture method and individualized
instruction) the participants would experience
both types of instruction, first one and then the
other.
REPEATED-MEASURES DESIGN
This design has the advantage of requiring
fewer participants than other designs because
the same participants participate in all
experimental conditions.
This design also has the advantage of the
participants in the various experimental
groups being equated because they are the
same participants in all of the treatment
conditions.
REPEATED-MEASURES DESIGN
If you use counterbalancing with this design,
then all of the standard threats to internal
validity are controlled for. Differential attrition
may or may not be a problem depending on
what happens during the conduct of the
experiment.
The last strong experimental research design
discussed in this chapter is the factorial
design based on a mixed model. Here is a
picture of this design when it has two
independent variables:
FACTORIAL DESIGN BASED ON A
MIXED MODEL
The factorial design based on a mixed model
is a factorial design in which different
participants
are randomly assigned to the different levels
of one independent variable but all
participants take all levels of another
independent variable.
In the depiction above, participants are
randomly assigned to variable B, and all
participants receive all levels of variable A.
FACTORIAL DESIGN BASED ON A MIXED
MODEL
All of the standard threats to internal validity
are controlled for with this design if
counterbalancing is used for the repeated
measures independent variable. Differential
attrition may or may not be a problem
depending on what happens during the
conduct of the experiment.
