MODULE 3
SPEAKING
SKILLS
(1) Social Conversation Skills
(2) Starting a Conversation: Greetings
(3) Introducing Oneself and Others
(4) Apologizing and Excusing
(5) Asking for and Giving Information
(6) Agreeing and Disagreeing
(7) Inviting Accepting and Declining
Invitations
(8) Expressing Likes and Dislikes
Complimenting
To speak and To speak
well are two things. A
fool may talk but, a wise
man
SPEAKS
Content
(1) Social Conversation Skills
(2) Starting a Conversation: Greetings
(3) Introducing Oneself and Others
(4) Apologizing and Excusing
(5) Asking for and Giving Information
(6) Agreeing and Disagreeing
(7) Inviting Accepting and Declining
Invitations
(8) Expressing Likes and Dislikes
Complimenting
What Are Speaking Skills?
7%
Verbal
(words spoken)
38% Vocal
(tone, range, appeal, credibility of voice)
55% Visual
(physical appearance, gestures, eye conta
Speaking consist of
3 parts
To Speak
To Speak.
To Speak
WHY
The man who can think and does not
know how to express what he thinks is at
the level of him who cannot think.
Why to Speak
Not just presentation, but also
persuasion (let the people
believe)
Get peoples mindshare
The Origin Point
(Where the audience was)
Persuasion
The Key Point
(Where you took them)
What to Speak
1. Brain storming:
Individual Brainstorming is the process of
you getting your ideas out on paper
2. Speaking with the format:
IBC :- I- Introduction, B- Body, C- Conclusion,
3. Aiming to persuasion :
Being Confident and passionate is the key for
persuasion
4. Perfect Clarity of thoughts:
How to Speak
Speak like a
STAR
S= Situation
T= Task
A= Attitude
R= Result
Three Es of speaking
Entertainingly
Effectively
Enthusiastically
Salient Features of
Speaking
Commanding yet friendly voice
Perfect clarity of language, thoughts and
ideas.
Listener Friendly
Comprising of wit and humour
Avoiding Monotony
Creating a bond between speaker and
listener
Guidelines
Speed
Clarity
Punctuation
Pronunciation
Familiarity
Fluency
Expressions
Learning Objectives
Study the problems faced by the speakers
Understand basic public speaking skills.
Identify ways to improve public speaking
skills through practice.
Types
of Special
Occasion where we
have
to
speak:
Introductio
Introductio
n
Presentati
on
Gossips
Informati
ve
Commemorati
ve
Speaking skills:
Give us the ability to
communicate effectively.
Allow the speaker, to convey his
message in a thoughtful, and
convincing manner.
help us to assure that the listener
is not misunderstanding us.
Problems faced during
speaking
phobia (75% of the population)
We have a fear of being laughed at.
Time pressure.
Lack of vocabulary.
Pronunciation.
Grammar mistakes
Tips to effective public
speaking
Understand the purpose
Clear & concise
Be prepared
Dont talk too fast
Use variety of tones of voice
Be relaxed and confident
What to do before speaking?
1. Be an active listener:
2. Be a quick organizer of thoughts:
3. Structure your speech in your
mind:
:
Speaking Skills:
Know your audience.
Interact with your audience.
Speak with sincerity and passion.
Fluency
Talk to the entire group.
Encourage feedback.
Close your speech in a memorable way
Micro-skills:
1- Pronounce the distinctive
sounds
2- Use the correct forms of
words.
3- Put words together in correct
word order.
4- Use vocabulary appropriately.
5- Use the language that is
appropriate
How to improve these skills
Practice where you can, when you can:
It's important to build your confidence.
Try to experiment with the English you
know.
Try to respond to what people say to you.
Try NOT to translate into and from your own
language.
Don't speak too fast!
Try to relax.
speaking English less hesitant and more
confident.
1. Conversation Skills
A gossip is one who talks to you about
others; a bore is one who talks to you about
himself; and a brilliant conversationalist is
one who talks to you about yourself.
One of the biggest challenges for someone
with social anxiety is starting conversations
and keeping them going.
This is especially true when feeling anxious.
On the other hand, some anxious people
talk too much, which can have a negative
impression on others.
It is normal to struggle a bit when you are
trying to make small talk, because it is not
always easy to think of things to say.
What is Conversation?
Speaking and listening in a sequence.
Oral exchange of sentiments, observations,
opinions and ideas.
Social Context: informal talk in which people
exchange views, feelings and thoughts.
Professional Context: formal discussion of an
issue
by
representatives
of
institutions/groups.
Element of Informality
Element
of
informality
distinguishes
conversation from debates, public speaking,
negotiations or business discussions.
Relaxed and friendly without being restricted
by rules of correct behavior.
Spontaneous, friendly and casual.
Employed for creating friendly togetherness.
Social Conversation
Expresses
desire
to
establish
sociable
atmosphere.
Shares feelings of togetherness, rather than
communicate ideas or any specific meaning.
Phatic communion-a type of speech in which
group of union are created by a mere exchange of
words.
The togetherness of the talking, is the most
important element in social conversation, the
subject matter is only secondary.
Social Conversation
Phatic
utterances are used to break
silence.
Purpose
is
to
initiate
conversation.
Eg: it was a pleasure meeting you/How
are your parents?/ Do come again/how do
you do?/take care/nice morning, isnt it?
*Phatic: used to convey general sociability rather than communicating
a specific meaning.
Art of Managing Negative
Responses
Show
that you do not doubt the positive
intentions of the other person.
Use expressions such as you are right, but..
When in conversation we notice the signs and
cues of doubt, disagreement or rejection, we
should pause and summarize whatever has been
so far discussed and ask the other person
whether the summary is correct. The acceptance
of summary is first act of agreeing with you.
Art of Managing Negative
Responses
Use this psychological positivity for further
agreement by asking what should be done
further.
Look for concern and feelings of other
person and ensure they are fully taken care
by you.
Never get frustrated or angry when you
confront rejection and disagreement.
How to break Ice through Small
Talk?
Compliment
others about what they are
wearing, saying or doing.
Ask others about things they told you in
previous conversations.
Be ready to ask open ended questions to learn
more.
Be enthusiastic about other peoples interests.
Tell
others
something
interesting
or
challenging about what you do.
Present
main ideas first and then add
supporting details.
Accept a persons right to be an individual
with different ideas and beliefs.
Reintroduce yourself to someone who is likely
to have forgotten your name.
Start and end conversation with the persons
name and a handshake or warm greeting.
Finding Things to Talk About
Remark
on the location or occasion. Look
around and see if there is anything worth
pointing out. Examples of location or
occasion comments: "This is a gorgeous
room!", "Such incredible catering!", "I
love this view!", or "Great dog!"
Ask
an open-ended question. Most people love to talk
about themselves; it's your place as the conversation
starter to get them going. An open question requires an
explanation for an answer rather than just a simple yes
or no. Open questions tend to begin with who, when,
what, why, where, and how, whereas closed questions
tend to start with do, have, and is/am/are.
Closed questions: "Do you like books?", "Have you ever
been to this university?", "Is spring your favorite
season?", "Am I intruding?", and "Do you come here
often?"
Open questions: "What sort of books do you like?",
"What did you study here at this university?", "Which is
your favorite season? Why?", "What are you doing right
now?", and "Where's your usual watering hole?"
Draw
on previous discussions.
If you know the person, review a mental list of
topics youve discussed previously and continue
on one of them. For example, their kids
milestone, one of their projects, or some bad
news that they shared with you. This not only
gives you something to talk about, but it also
shows that you pay attention when you talk to
them and you care about their problems and
experiences enough to think about and remember
them.
Be
sensitive to their feelings.
Keep your questions non-invasive. Be sure
you're not asking them questions about topics
they'd rather not discuss. For example, some
people might be very uncomfortable discussing
issues that they feel touch on them personally,
such as weight, lack of having a degree or
qualifications, lack of having a steady date,
etc. Try to be as thoughtful as possible even
though you don't really know them yet.
How
to Apologize/Excuse Oneself in English
There
is an old English phrase Manners maketh man.
This means that displaying good manners and being
polite to those around you can make you a better
person.
British
people are commonly stereotyped for having
good manners, sometimes to a point of being too
polite; apologizing for things excessively, and
sometimes when they are not at fault.
Choosing
the right words to apologize or
excuse oneself can be tough. The famous
singer-songwriter Elton John expressed
this as he sang Sorry Seems To Be The
Hardest Word. Our How To is here to help
you find the right words to say.
Saying
Sorry in English
The
most common way of apologizing in English is by saying
sorry or Im sorry. You can make your apology more
emphatic by using adverbs, such as very, so, terribly.
For
example
Im
so sorry
Im terribly sorry
To
explain why you are sorry you have to add for or about.
For
Im
example
really sorry for taking your lunch Steve.
Terribly sorry about what I said last night.
Warning!
Sorry is an adjective, not a verb. You cannot
say I sorry.
You
can say sorry without using the words Im sorry by
using the verb to apologize; to express regret for
something that you have done wrong.
For
I
example
apologize for my terrible behavior.
Id like to apologize for pushing you over.
I really must apologize for my bad manners.
Excusing
Oneself in English
We
use sorry to apologize after we have done something
wrong. If you think a future action may upset someone
else, you can say excuse me.
We
can excuse ourselves in the following situations:
When
interrupting, approaching, or leaving someone.
For example
Excuse me, do you have the time?
Excuse me, can I reach across you to get my bag?
Excuse me, can you show me the way to the Science
Museum?
Please excuse me for a moment while I make a quick
phone call.
ASKING FOR AND
GIVING PERSONAL
INFORMATION
ACHIEVEMENTS
learning about how to ask
and
give personal
information.
MY PERSONAL
INFORMATION.
Whats your first name?
My first name is Jorge
Whats your middle name?
my middle name is Armando
Whats your last name?
my last name is Nuez
Whats your full name?
my full name is Jorge Armando Nuez M.
How old are you?
I am 25 years old.
What do you do?
I am a teacher.
Where are you from?
I am from santa marta, colombia.
Where do you live?
I live in Mamatoco.
Who do you live with?
I live with my parents.
when is your birthday?
my birthday is on the 11/july/ 1987
Whats your favourite colour?
my favourite colour is blue.
Whats your favourite animal?
my favourite animal is the dog.
Whats your cell phone number?
my cell phone number is 300 593 587
LETS SEE A VIDEO.
LETS PRACTICE.
A.
B.
C.
.
A.
B.
C.
.
A.
B.
C.
.
A.
B.
C.
Whats your middle name?
my full name is Jorge Armando Nuez M
my last name is Nuez
my middle name is Armando
Who do you live with?
I live in Mamatoco.
I live with my parents.
I am 25 years old
Whats your first name?
My first name is Jorge
my last name is Nuez
I am a teacher
What do you do?
I live in Mamatoco
I am 25 years old.
I am a teacher
How old are you?
A. I have 24 old.
B. I am 24 years old.
C. I have 24 years.
when is your birthday?
A. They are on 11/july/ 87.
B. My birthday is on the 11/july/87.
C. My birthday are on the 11/july/87.
Whats your favourite colour?
A. I dont know.
B. My your colour is black.
C. My favourite colour is blue.
Whats your full name?
A. My full name is jorge
B. My full name are Juan Nez olivella
C. My full name is Juan Nez olivella
Where are you from?
A. I am of santa marta, colombia
B. I have from santa marta.
C. I am from santa marta, colombia.
Where do you live?
A. I life in las Americas.
B. I live in Rodadero
C. I live is Rodadero
Whats your cell phone number?
A. My number is 4225588.
B. My cell phone number is 3005468954
C. My phone is 3002225655
Whats your last name?
A. My last name is Armando.
B. My last name is Nuez.
C. My last name is Jorge.
CONVERSATION
A: Hello, good morning Peter!! Hows it going?
B: Im well !! thanks !! and you?
A: So far, so good. This is the teacher carlos.
B: Hello Carlos nice to meet you.
C: Nice to meet you too!
B: Excuse me. Whats your last name?
C: My last name is campanella. And you?
B: My last name is vives. Mmm. What do you do carlos?
C: I am a physical education teacher.
A: I didnt know, where are you from carlos?
C: Im from Santa Marta, sorry, I have to go see you
soon!!
A: ok, see you!! take care!
B: have a nice day!!
Asking
giving for information Asking for information is our expressions
to ask questions or to ask about explanations from what we said to
someone else, so we get what we asked. Using WH-Questions:
What,
When,
Where,
Who,
Why, and
How.There are a number of formulas used when asking for information in English.
Here are some of themost common:
Could you tell me...?
Could anyone tell me....?
Can you tell me...?
Do you know...?
Do you happen to know...?
I'd like to know...
Could you find out...?
Could you give me some idea of...
I'm interested in...
I'm looking for..
Have
you got an idea of....?
Don't
suppose you (would) know...?
wonder if you could tell me...?
wonder if someone could tell me...?There are some Responses, we use:
Yes,
it is / was / will ...
Oh
yes, I did / Oh no, I didn't.
That's
(quite) right.
No,
it isn't really so.
I'm
sorry but that isn't correct.
Well,
it's the contrary in fact.These two forms are used for asking for information on the telephone:
am calling to find out...
am calling about...Information about company
What
does your company do?
What
is your specialty?
What
do you specialize in?
What
is your main line of business?
We
produce marketing materials.
We
specialize in art and design.
What
are your major products?
What
services do you provide?
We
produce office machines.
We
design software.
We
provide technical support.Information about products
Could
you give me some (more) information on this?
What
can you tell me about this (product)?
Tell
me about this one/model.
This
is one of our top brands.
It's
our best selling refrigerator.
This
one is the best in its class.
We're
really pleased with its performance.
It's
an excellent computer.
highly recommend this one.
Exercise
Things to Remember
Happy is the hearing man; unhappy the
speaking man.
The difference between a smart man and
a wise man is that a smart man knows
what to say, and a wise man knows
whether or not to say it.
Speak well and live well.
Always
think
before
speaking.
Try these conversation starters to talk to
absolutely anybody:
Skip the small talk. ...
Ask for their opinion. ...
Ask for their advice or recommendations. ...
Ask them a question that's easy to answer. ...
Comment on the environment. ...
Ask for an update. ...
Ask open-ended questions whenever possible. ...
Ask a hypothetical question.
